Enayam Port

Tamil Research Institute
RAPID TECHNO-ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY REPORT FOR
DEVELOPMENT OF COLACHEL PORT AT TAMILNADU
FINAL REPORT
Even for heavy sea conditions a vertical breakwater with floating concrete caissons can be used. For example, large
caissons (52 x 32 x 34 m) have been designed and constructed in Gijon Port (Spain) for expected waves of 9.50 m
of significant height and 19 seconds of peak period.
The following image shows the construction works of Gijon Port expansion, undertaken between 2005 and 2010.
Figure 123: Construction works of rubble mound and vertical breakwaters in Gijon Port (Spain)
This kind of breakwaters is calculated considering the wave forces, in compliance with all safety coefficients that are
explained in several international codes (Spanish ROM 0.5-05 code has been used for preliminary design).
Different heights of crest have been considered depending on the possibility of overtopping. No overtopping is
allowed for vertical sections which in Phase 2 and phase 3 will be filled in the port side. However, a small
overtopping is allowed for the rest of vertical sections which will have only water in the port side.
9.2.3.1. Wave Pressure Formulas
The pressures which hit the vertical breakwater due to the dynamic wave action are obtained using Takahashi and
Goda formulas. These pressures are shown in the pressures diagram below. These are the forces -together with the
uplift pressures and the own weight of the structure- which determine the geometry of the vertical breakwater. The
geometry of vertical breakwaters has to meet the safety coefficients as sliding safety coefficient (SSC) and roll-over
safety coefficient (RSC).
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