Enayam Port

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Tamil Research Institute RAPID TECHNO-ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY REPORT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF COLACHEL PORT AT TAMILNADU FINAL REPORT acquire new skills, and increase commercial activity during the construction and operation of the Port In the way that a higher technical complexity will demand a higher proportion of skilled labor, this factor plays a negative role for local employment. Project construction will create employment opportunity and leads to increases in income of the surrounding community. Workers in these camps create demand and therefore market for food and other services. These camps also require sanitation, which in most cases involve pit latrines. If care is not taken, there is danger of seepage and contamination of ground water resources and water courses, where the latrines are sited near these. The roof catchment of the camp buildings can also cause further soil erosion. The construction activity – during the construction phase, will ensure that the many local people employed, are paid wages – this greatly enhancing direct income earning capacities for the communities, who would have otherwise relied only on low income-earning fishing and agriculture. Wages earned by the local people working in the construction activities will circulate in the local economy – this resulting in greater investments in productive endeavours and hence, contributing significantly to the growth of the local economy. Indirectly therefore, the Project will contribute greatly to the rise in the income levels of the local communities – and hence to poverty reduction. During the operational stage, the envisaged development of the port itself and other business enterprises that will be established as direct linkages to the new Port projects, will be a sustained source of income to the local communities. In a more longer term, this will result in the improved living conditions and prosperity of the local people, the reduction of the current high levels of poverty and in general, to the significant development of the region. 5.4.1.2. Influx of Immigrants During the construction phase of the Project: it is expected that there will be a large influx of immigrants into the area, e.g. Project staff; those seeking skilled and unskilled jobs; itinerant traders; and a motley of those providing various kinds of services..This will of course at once swell the population of the Project activity sites – probably making the immigrants temporarily to outnumber the local inhabitants. However Workers camps might also have adverse impacts in terms of labour influx in the area, which might further increase the pressure on the existing resources/infrastructure. At the same time, the positive impacts of the Project are expected to create more employment opportunities where fishermen might have a chance to acquire new skills, and increase commercial activity during the construction and operation of the Port. Despite once in the operation phase, most of the immigrants will leave and the population will stabilize. a sizeable number is expected to remain – to be engaged in the vibrant economic activities created by the Project linkages. And this is likely to alter the demographic patterns of the local communities in the long run. In the long term, i.e. during the operation phase of the project, this may create a sense of resentment by the locals against the immigrants, thus jeopardizing the social cohesion among the area communities. CP1832-FR-AX-05-CP-Initial Environmental Examination-Ed4.docx AX05 - 140 140 www.tamilri.com
Tamil Research Institute RAPID TECHNO-ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY REPORT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF COLACHEL PORT AT TAMILNADU FINAL REPORT 5.4.1.3. Balance Anticipated Impact Increased opportunities for direct and indirect employment Mitigation Measures Construction Operation During operations, more skilled and technical manpower Project developer has proposed to recruit 50%* of will be required and therefore, the project developer shall its workforce during construction, based on endeavour to recruit as much of its work force locally as availability and skills, locally. possibly, if skills exist. Project developer shall require all its contractors and subcontractors to hire workforce locally. This NA requirement shall be included in the contractual agreements. Local Hiring and Purchase Plan (LHPP) should be updated Project developer shall prepare a Local Hiring and prior to commencement of port operations and it should Purchase Plan (LHPP). Plan shall include procedures include measures for increasing local employment in & practices to maximise opportunities for hiring local operational phase as well. workers, allowing access to jobs for the local Implement skill development locally to improve population in an organised & fair manner. employability of local population. Table 52 Enayam Alternative Predicted Project Impacts on Employment Opportunities and Mitigation Measures 5.4.2. Impacts on Livelihood During the construction phase, the following negative impacts are likely to happen 5.4.2.1. Loss of access to the beaches Fishermen using the seashore which falls in the shadow area of Phase I will have to restrict access to the pocket beaches, as this part of the sea coast and beaches will be permanently lost due to reclamation and will be inaccessible for fishermen. Loss of these beaches during reclamation works will affect many fishermen who are engaged in shore seine, mussel and lobster collection. Movement of fishing vessels along this coastal stretch will also be hampered. Fishermen using these beaches shall have to either depend on the nearby fishing harbour or have to move to other beaches. 5.4.2.2. Loss of fishing ground in the marine area for breakwater, approach channel and exclusion zone: Loss of fishing grounds occur for fisher folks using the area between the existing shoreline and up to the breakwater and the exclusion and impacted fishing grounds in the approach channel. Social survey established that a large number of fishermen from the villages were actively involved in fishing in the project stretch including mussel, lobster and shore seine fishing. Breakwater will be at a distance of roughly 1500 m from the shoreline and its length is around 4 km. Therefore, marine fishing ground of area of about 600 Ha will be lost during phase I on account of breakwater alone. In addition to the 600 Ha area fishing ground lost to the breakwater, fishing grounds in the approach may be affected (due to fishing exclusion zone) although not physically separated from the rest of the sea. The fishing ground present in the project stretch enclosed by the breakwater, where at present, fish catching activities for lobster, mussel collection and shore seine will be stopped. Fishing population, at present dependent on this patch of sea will lose their fishing ground and have to shift to some other part of coast and fishing ground in the sea beyond the port area. This might not be feasible for some people and will result in the loss of their livelihood. In addition to the active port area, the fishing activity will be hampered in the wide stretch of approach channel approx. 1.5 km away from the coast line. Because of this approach channel the „to CP1832-FR-AX-05-CP-Initial Environmental Examination-Ed4.docx AX05 - 141 141 www.tamilri.com
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