Enayam Port

Tamil Research Institute
RAPID TECHNO-ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY REPORT FOR
DEVELOPMENT OF COLACHEL PORT AT TAMILNADU
FINAL REPORT
3.2.2.5. Coastal Geomorphology ....................................................................................... 32
3.2.3. Water .................................................................................................................. 32
3.2.3.1. Surface Water .................................................................................................... 32
3.2.3.2. Estuaries............................................................................................................. 34
3.2.3.3. Flood ................................................................................................................ 34
3.2.3.4. Coastal Erosion in Kanyakumari District .................................................................. 35
3.2.3.5. Ground Water .................................................................................................... 36
3.2.3.6. Seawater intrusion ................................................................................................ 38
3.3. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................................. 39
3.3.1. Flora and Vegetation ............................................................................................... 39
3.3.1.1. Effects of the tsunami ............................................................................................ 41
3.3.1.2. Ecological importance of wetlands in the study area ................................................... 42
3.3.1.3. Mangroves ......................................................................................................... 42
3.3.2. Status of Faunal Diversity .......................................................................................... 42
3.3.2.1. Terrestrial fauna ................................................................................................... 42
3.3.2.2. Sea turtle ............................................................................................................ 42
3.3.3. Eco Sensitive Areas ................................................................................................. 45
3.3.3.1. Suchindram Therur and Vembanoor wetlands ............................................................ 45
3.3.3.2. Other ecological sensitive areas ............................................................................. 47
3.3.4. Marine Ecology ..................................................................................................... 48
3.3.4.1. Oceanographic Characteristics .............................................................................. 48
3.3.4.2. Fishing Grounds .................................................................................................. 50
3.3.4.2.1 Wadge Bank ................................................................................................ 50
3.3.4.2.2 Quilon Ground. ............................................................................................. 50
3.3.4.3. Estuarine Ecosystems............................................................................................. 51
3.3.5. Marine biocenosis .................................................................................................. 51
3.4. SOCIECONOMIC AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH ENVIRONMENT .......................................... 53
3.4.1. Scope and Methodology ......................................................................................... 53
3.4.2. Secondary Information and Data Collection ................................................................. 53
3.4.3. Primary Data Collection ........................................................................................... 53
3.4.3.1. Baseline Survey ................................................................................................... 54
3.4.4. Brief Socioeconomic profile of the Kanyakumari District .................................................. 54
3.4.4.1. Population .......................................................................................................... 56
3.4.4.2. Natural resources and productive sectors .................................................................. 58
3.4.4.2.1 Agriculture and Irrigation .................................................................................. 59
3.4.4.2.2 Fishing ......................................................................................................... 61
3.4.4.2.3 Industry......................................................................................................... 62
3.4.4.3. Roads and transport network .................................................................................. 66
3.4.4.4. Infrastructures ...................................................................................................... 67
CP1832-FR-AX-05-CP-Initial Environmental Examination-Ed4.docx AX05 - 2
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