Enayam Port

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Tamil Research Institute RAPID TECHNO-ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY REPORT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF COLACHEL PORT AT TAMILNADU FINAL REPORT As for railway and access roads construction, traffic both along the rail and road will be primarily due to port development and in first phase, one or two container trains run per day. Nevertheless there will be some level of Noise quality impacts along the project corridor in construction. Construction stage impacts will be of short term but have adverse impacts on the construction workers as well as the settlements adjacent to the road and rail alignment, especially those in the down wind direction. Noise created during construction activities may force birds to temporarily migrate to others places. During the construction stage, crusher, sets and mixture machine and diversion of traffic will lead to rise in noise level, ultimately results in increase in the ambient noise quality. However, the impacts during construction are short-term in nature and will cease on completion of the construction. Impacts during operations mainly will result from the port terminal activities such as vessel loading/unloading, container handling and access road/rail traffic that will result from container traffic arriving and departing through the port business day. Seawater is an efficient medium for sound propagation, particularly low frequency sound and therefore marine life over a wide area could be potentially affected. The day to day terminal activities such as vessel loading / unloading, container handling etc. will cause additional underwater noise emissions. These are however not expected to be significant. Road and rail noise depends on factors such as traffic intensity, the type and condition of the vehicles/trains plying on the road/railway line, acceleration/deceleration/gear changes by the vehicles depending on the level of congestion and smoothness of road surface. The baseline noise levels monitored at various locations along the candidate road indicate the baseline levels is exceeding the permissible limits for residential and rural areas and exceeds in some commercial areas. This is mainly because of the high density of road network and the traffic plying on them and towards sea the coastal wave actions also add up to the noise levels. Even the night, noise levels recorded at the various locations are close to or higher than the noise levels allowed during daytime. This impact will be confined to receptors close to the road and rail. Both the construction and operation stage impacts can be effectively mitigated if the impacts have been assessed with reasonable accuracy in the design stage itself. During operation stage rise in noise level may arise due to increase in traffic. However, during this period noise pollution will be negligible, nevertheless a proper Environmental Management Plan (EMP) will be formulated for noise pollution. 5.1.1. Port operation Operation of the port (container terminal, multi-purpose cargo, and cruise) does not include bulk or uncovered materials exported from or imported to the terminal or stored on site. The sources of air pollutants from port operations include combustion emissions from ships propulsion and auxiliary engines and boilers, mainly consisting of sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen oxides (NO X ), greenhouse gases (e.g. carbon dioxide [CO 2 ] and carbon monoxide [CO]), fine particulate matter [PM], and volatile organic compounds [VOC]), followed by combustion source emissions from vehicles, port equipment and land-based engines and boilers contributing similar pollutants. Volatile organic compounds (VOC) may also be emitted fuel storage and transfer. However increased traffic on the access road has the potential to cause an impact on the air quality experienced by the residents along the access road; specifically an increase in pollutants such as oxides of nitrogen and particulates. Concentrations of primary pollutants generated by road traffic decrease exponentially with increasing distance from the road. CP1832-FR-AX-05-CP-Initial Environmental Examination-Ed4.docx AX05 - 118 118 www.tamilri.com
Tamil Research Institute RAPID TECHNO-ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY REPORT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF COLACHEL PORT AT TAMILNADU FINAL REPORT 5.1.1.1. Ship Emissions During the operational phase, there will be an increase in the movement of traffic and hence, emissions from the moving vehicles will also increase. The exhaust set at the port, the tugs, launches, diesel operated small boats, dredgers etc will enhance a pollution load during operational phase. With the increase in the number of ships and boats, their operation and movement of cargo to and fro will also increase. These activities will increase the pollution load in the atmosphere. The Annex VI of MARPOL Convention deals with the “Regulations for the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships”. It sets limits on NOx and SOx emissions from ship exhausts, and prohibits deliberate emissions of ozone depleting substances. It also prohibits the incineration on board ships of certain products, such as contaminated packaging materials and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The vessels are required to comply with the regulations and should have the Prevention Certificate. Enayam port will take all appropriate measures to comply exhaust emission from vessels in accordance with MARPOL regulations and Emission standard norms so as to reduce pollution load in the air environment. 5.1.2. Mitigation Measures The following measures could mitigate the anticipated negative impacts on the ambient air quality: • Transportation vehicles to be properly and timely maintained and serviced regularly to control the emission of air pollutants in order to maintain the emissions of NO X and SO X within the limits established by international regulations; • All static and mobile diesel-powered plant / generator sets should be used only during power cuts. Generators, machineries and vehicles are to be serviced and maintained regularly to avoid generation of dust and other air pollutants; • Use of good quality fuel and lubricants will be promoted. Moreover, low sulphur content diesel shall be used as fuel for generator sets to control emission of SO 2 and regular verification of PUC certificates of all the vehicles entering into the port area. Vehicles older shall be equipped with leak detection systems. • Include vegetation screens alongside the port access roads and apply of speed restrictions in order to the dispersion of pollutants from roads • Water sprinkling will be carried out to suppress fugitive dust during earthworks and along unpaved sections of access roads. • Environmental awareness program/training will be organised to the personnel involved in developmental works. • Adequately sized construction yard will be provided at the site for storage of construction materials, equipment tools, earthmoving equipment, etc. In addition, temporary field offices and worker amenities will be provided at site. Appropriate spill control measures and labeling / handling procedures will be maintained. • To reduce the impact on air quality, quarry material is planned to transport from respective quarries from nearby harbours to Enayam. This material transportation through sea will reduce dust as well gaseous emissions drastically. Management of air quality at quarry site is important at all stages of the quarry cycle. The following measures are proposed: • Blasting for quarrying shall only be carried out during calm wind conditions; • A good blasting practice shall be adopted; • Automated sprinkler system to be installed at quarry site to minimize the dust emissions; CP1832-FR-AX-05-CP-Initial Environmental Examination-Ed4.docx AX05 - 119 119 www.tamilri.com
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