Enayam Port

Tamil Research Institute
RAPID TECHNO-ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY REPORT FOR
DEVELOPMENT OF COLACHEL PORT AT TAMILNADU
FINAL REPORT
3.5. SOCIECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA. COLACHEL-ENAYAM .................................... 70
3.5.1. Colachel Municipality ............................................................................................. 70
3.5.2. Demography an Social stratification ........................................................................... 72
3.5.3. Economic development ........................................................................................... 73
3.5.4. Occupation Pattern ................................................................................................. 74
3.5.4.1. Tourism ............................................................................................................. 74
3.5.4.2. Fishing .............................................................................................................. 74
3.5.5. Land Use .............................................................................................................. 85
3.5.5.1. Existing land-use pattern ........................................................................................ 85
3.5.5.2. Proposed land use: .............................................................................................. 85
3.5.6. Solid waste and wastewater management ................................................................. 86
4. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES .............................................................................................. 88
4.1. METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................... 88
4.2. NEGATIVE IMPACTS IDENTIFICATION .................................................................................. 88
4.2.1. Impacts at the construction phase .............................................................................. 89
4.2.2. Impacts during the operation phase ........................................................................... 90
4.3. IMPACT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................ 92
4.3.1. Coastal geomorphology .......................................................................................... 92
4.3.2. Marine ecosystems ................................................................................................. 96
4.3.3. Hydrology ............................................................................................................ 97
4.3.4. Vegetation, terrestrial ecosystems ............................................................................... 99
4.3.5. Socio-economic ................................................................................................... 102
4.3.5.1. Impacts on the transport network ........................................................................... 102
4.3.5.2. Impacts on land ownership and population displacement .......................................... 103
4.3.5.3. Fishing activities ................................................................................................ 104
4.3.5.4. Tourism ........................................................................................................... 107
4.3.5.5. Coastal and maritime planning ............................................................................ 108
4.4. IMPACTS EVALUATION ..................................................................................................... 110
4.4.1. Gross impacts evaluation ....................................................................................... 110
4.5. CONCLUSIONS .............................................................................................................. 114
5. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...................................... 115
5.1. LAND ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................................................... 115
5.1.1. Air quality ........................................................................................................... 115
5.1.1.1. Transportation and Cargo Material ....................................................................... 115
5.1.1.2. Quarrying ........................................................................................................ 115
5.1.1.3. - Dust Generation .............................................................................................. 116
5.1.1. Noise Pollution .................................................................................................... 117
5.1.1. Port operation ...................................................................................................... 118
5.1.1.1. Ship Emissions .................................................................................................. 119
5.1.2. Mitigation Measures ............................................................................................. 119
5.1.2.1. Balance .......................................................................................................... 122
CP1832-FR-AX-05-CP-Initial Environmental Examination-Ed4.docx AX05 - 3
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