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TABLE 6. <strong>National</strong> School Survey: Prevalence <strong>of</strong> use by population subgroups. Lifetime use Last 12 months Last 30 days Daily Males (32.015) % 4.5 2.0 1.0 0.2 <strong>Inhalant</strong>s Users <strong>of</strong> other drugs Females (29.124) % 2.3 1.1 0.6 0.1 Gender Total Males Females Total (61.139) (32.015) (29.124) (61.139) % % % % 35 5.1 4.3 47 1.6 2.8 2.6 2.7 0.8 1.6 1.5 1.6 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.4 Age -13 14 15 16 17 18+ -13 14 15 16 17 18+ (26.537) (12.166) (8.916) (6.356) (3.937) (3.115) (26.537) (12.166) (8.916) (6.356) (3,937) (3.115) % % % % % % % % % % % % Lifetime use 2.9 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.7 4.0 29 4.5 5.1 6.8 8.4 11.0 Last 12 months 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.6 1 .7 1.1 1 .6 2.7 3.1 43 4.6 5.8 Last 30 days 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.7 1.0 0.5 1 1.5 1.8 2.5 2.2 3.2 Daily 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 02 0.5 0.4 0.8 0.6 07
TABLE 6. <strong>National</strong> School Survey: Prevalence <strong>of</strong> use by population subgroups (continued). Lifetime use Last 12 months Last 30 days Daily Lifetime use Last 12 months Last 30 days Daily <strong>Inhalant</strong>s Users <strong>of</strong> other drugs School status <strong>of</strong> the health <strong>of</strong> the family 0 1-6 7-9 10-12 13+ 0 1-6 7-9 10-12 13+ (7.855) (23.248) (11.953) (6.206) (9.044) (7.855) (23.248) (11.953) (6.206) (9.044) % % % % % % % % % % 36 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.7 4.3 4.1 4.2 5.9 64 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.5 2.4 2.5 3.4 3.6 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.9 2.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 Big city (9.757) % 4.1 1.9 1.0 0.2 Med.-size city (21.805) % SOURCE: Medina-Mora et al. (1993). 3.3 1.4 0.7 0.1 Small city (8.959) % 3.7 1.8 1.1 0.3 Urbanicity Rural area Big city Med. -size city Small city Rural area (18.590) (9.757) (21.805) (8.959) (18.590) % % % % % 1.2 5.9 4.8 5.1 3.8 1.4 3.7 2.7 3.0 2.1 0.8 2.1 1.6 1.8 1.2 0.2 04 0.3 0.5 0.3
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National I
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT This monograph is ba
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Treatment Strategies for Volatile S
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extent of inhalant
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agencies. Dr. Carlini-Cotrim conclu
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prevalence, after alcohol and tobac
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Inhalant Use in th
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FIGURE 1. Lifetime prevalence for 1
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Reliability of the
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use beginning in 1987 when the surv
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TABLE 2. Current use of</st
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TABLE 3. Use of in
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TABLE 4. Inhalant
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TABLE 5. Lifetime prevalence and cu
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TABLE 7. Inhalant
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CONCLUSION Unlike other drugs in th
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AUTHORS Ruth W. Edwards, Ph.D. Rese
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Epidemiologic data were obtained fo
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perception of the
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Malaysia In Malaysia, the abuse <st
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The primary method of</stro
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them at least two to three times pe
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Curiosity is the most popular motiv
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Inhaling from a plastic bag: The vo
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(between US $0.04 and US $0.80) a d
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truant, who have money, and who are
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Edmondson, K. Review of</st
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Inhalant A
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Children working in the streets 280
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(1986), collected data on the preva
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Anecdotal information suggests that
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FIGURE 3. Psychological process mod
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ehavior. A secondary aim has been u
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REFERENCES ABC Communication. Consu
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Inhalant Use Among
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TABLE 1. Lifetime prevalence <stron
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TABLE 3. Lifetime prevalence <stron
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TABLE 4. Solvent use found for 1,83
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however, rarely is taken into consi
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TABLE 7. Weekly use (at least once
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TABLE 9. Use of dr
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Oetting, E.R.; Edwards, R.W.; and B
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RESULTS Prevalence Rates The findin
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TABLE 2. Use of in
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Incidence Rates Data from the surve
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TABLE 7. Use of in
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FIGURE 2(a). Proportion and number
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TABLE 8. Regression analysis: Use <
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TABLE 10(a). Mean age at first inha
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TABLE 13. Percentage of</st
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FIGURE 3. Opinion on health consequ
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The conduct of con
Page 105 and 106: Inhalant A
Page 107 and 108: The lack of epidem
Page 109 and 110: FIGURE 1. Substance abusers treated
Page 111 and 112: FIGURE 2. Drug used at initiation <
Page 113 and 114: The registered inhalant abusers ran
Page 115 and 116: medication, and jumping from a tall
Page 117 and 118: (with the main psychoactive compone
Page 119 and 120: In 1990, a World Health Organizatio
Page 121 and 122: FIGURE 7. Number of</strong
Page 123 and 124: of an epidemic, wh
Page 125 and 126: Oetting, E.R.; Beauvais, F.; and Ed
Page 127 and 128: FIGURE 1. Arrests for drug statute
Page 129 and 130: had inhaled the vapor from lacquer
Page 131 and 132: FIGURE 4. Numbers of</stron
Page 133 and 134: TABLE 3. Age appeared to consultati
Page 135 and 136: TABLE 5. Present occupational situa
Page 137 and 138: FIGURE 5. SOURCE: Longitudnal patte
Page 139 and 140: FIGURE 7. Longitudinal pattern <str
Page 141 and 142: Epidemiology <stro
Page 143 and 144: TABLE 1. National
Page 145 and 146: (Hughes et al. 1980). The system ha
Page 151 and 152: FIGURE 1. National
Page 153 and 154: FIGURE 3. Drug Registry System (SRI
Page 155: TABLE 5. National
Page 169 and 170: The longest running institution, th
Page 171 and 172: Several programs have been develope
Page 173 and 174: Thus, substance abuse research has
Page 175 and 176: 3. Alcohol and tobacco were not con
Page 177 and 178: Leal, H., and Pacheco, G. Estrategi
Page 179 and 180: Division of <stron
Page 181 and 182: mind the fact that a sizeable numbe
Page 183 and 184: Adults and Older Students I
Page 185 and 186: Method Participants. Participants w
Page 187 and 188: TABLE 6. Types of
Page 189 and 190: TABLE 9. Sources of</strong
Page 191 and 192: THE NEED FOR MORE RESEARCH ON INHAL
Page 193 and 194: funding. However, by encouraging th
Page 195 and 196: AUTHOR Isidore Silas Obot, Ph.D., M
Page 197 and 198: abuse and their biomedical, social,
Page 199 and 200: nitrites—is virtually unknown in
Page 201 and 202: TABLE 3. Frequency of</stro
Page 203 and 204: TABLE 5. Lifetime prevalence and cu
Page 205 and 206: working with children living in the
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of the youthful po
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Lucchini, R. “Niños Callejeros y
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least as far back as 1983. However,
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TABLE 1. Phase-out schedule for ozo
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inquisitorial, unlike the procedure
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UNITED KINGDOM VSA-RELATED MORTALIT
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FIGURE 5. United Kingdom VSA-relate
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TABLE 2. United Kingdom VSA-related
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TABLE 4. United Kingdom VSA-related
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NATIONAL VSA STATISTICS The only <s
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TABLE 6. National
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TABLE 7. Local surveys giving infor
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TABLE 7. Local surveys giving infor
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presented as a confidential “Scho
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TABLE 8. Surveys of</strong
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Children’s Act 1989: Section 17 r
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problem would go away like other te
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Children ages 14-16 “should have
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contributions from many small group
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Chadwick, O.; Anderson, R.; Bland,
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Market and Opinion Research Interna
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Streete, P.J.; Ruprah, M.; Ramsey,
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Treatment Strategies for Volatile S
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that they chose solvents not only b
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Medical management and detoxificati
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challenges to a healthy readjustmen
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REFERENCES Beauvais, F. Social and
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Gathering Epidemiologic Information
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DIRECT POPULATION SURVEYS Cross-sec
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The findings in the two surveys wer
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TABLE 1. Recent use a of</s
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are due to the fact that inhalants
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number usually is advertised in tel
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REFERENCES Beauvais, F. Volatile so
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Inhalants: A Polic
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predominated, but it seems clear th
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classes containing these substances
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justify their positions more on pri
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eformulation of pr
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with abuse potential, and additiona
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TABLE 2. Type of l
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TABLE 3. Type of d
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TABLE 4. Type of b
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TABLE 5. Specified products regulat
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TABLE 6. Prevention curricula and i
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appear to enter treatment that prog
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Policy Alternative 1: Change Produc
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outcome evaluations. Ideally, such
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Mata, A.G., Jr., and Andrew, S.R. <
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Recommendations and Conclusions Zil
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AUTHORS Zili Sloboda, Sc.D. Nichola
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26 42 50 52 53 54 56 61 62 THE BEHA
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80 82 83 84 85 87 88 89 92 NEEDLE S
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102 106 107 108 109 111 112 113 ANA
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124 NEUROBIOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO B
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138 139 140 141 142 143 IMAGING TEC
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NIH Publication No 95-3831 Printed
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