Epidemiology of Inhalant Abuse - Archives - National Institute on ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

TABLE 8. Characteristics regarding age, gender, and drug use among Porto Alegre street children from three different subpopulations. SF F St (n = 38) (n = 28) (n = 34) Age (years) 7-16 6-19 7-17 Gender (%) Male Female Lifetime prevalence (%) <strong>Inhalant</strong>s Marijuana Cocaine Weekly prevalence (%) <strong>Inhalant</strong>s Marijuana Cocaine 90 82 100 10 18 0 0 25 71 0 11 53 0 0 12 0 11 50 0 4 18 0 0 0 KEY: SF: Living with their families and attending school; F: Living with their families but not attending school; St: Living full time on the streets. SOURCE: Forster and colleagues (1992). could <strong>of</strong>fer alternatives for the time spent on the streets by children with family ties); and (4) experimental and quasi-experimental research aimed at a better understanding <strong>of</strong> the part played by supporting institutions that work with children who live full time on the streets, in terms <strong>of</strong> their preventive role when it comes to inhalant abuse and other forms <strong>of</strong> antisocial behavior. 75
TABLE 9. Use <strong>of</strong> drugs and other forms <strong>of</strong> behavior among children living full time on the streets in São Paulo, according to voluntary attendance to activities <strong>of</strong>fered by supporting institutions. Activities Attendance Yes No Total (n = 21) (n = 99) (n = 120) Daily use <strong>of</strong> solvents 4.8* 37.4 31.7 Use <strong>of</strong> any drug within the previous 30 days 47.6” 74.7 70.0 Thefts 19.0* 54.5 48.3 Begging 28.6 20.2 21.7 KEY: * Differs significantly from the children not attending voluntary institutional activities during the daytime period (p 0.02, chi-square test). SOURCE: Carlini-Cotrim and Carlini (1988b). REFERENCES Barnes, G.E. Solvent abuse: A review. Int J Addict 14: 1-26, 1979. Bucher, R.; Costa, A.C.L.; and Oliveira, J.A. Consumo de inalantes e condições de vida de menores da periferia de Brasilia. Rev ABP-APAL 13:18-26, 1991. Carlini, E.A., and Carlini-Cotrim, B. Illicit use <strong>of</strong> psychotropic substances among Brazilian students: 1987 and 1989 surveys. In: Monteiro, M.G., and Inciardi, J., eds. Brasil—United States BinationaI Research. São Paulo: NIDA/CEBRID, 1993. 76
Page 1 and 2:
National I
Page 3 and 4:
ACKNOWLEDGMENT This monograph is ba
Page 5 and 6:
Treatment Strategies for Volatile S
Page 7 and 8:
extent of inhalant
Page 9 and 10:
agencies. Dr. Carlini-Cotrim conclu
Page 11 and 12:
prevalence, after alcohol and tobac
Page 13 and 14:
Inhalant Use in th
Page 15 and 16:
FIGURE 1. Lifetime prevalence for 1
Page 17 and 18:
Reliability of the
Page 19 and 20:
use beginning in 1987 when the surv
Page 21 and 22:
TABLE 2. Current use of</st
Page 23 and 24:
TABLE 3. Use of in
Page 25 and 26:
TABLE 4. Inhalant
Page 27 and 28:
TABLE 5. Lifetime prevalence and cu
Page 29 and 30: TABLE 7. Inhalant
Page 31 and 32: CONCLUSION Unlike other drugs in th
Page 33 and 34: AUTHORS Ruth W. Edwards, Ph.D. Rese
Page 35 and 36: Epidemiologic data were obtained fo
Page 37 and 38: perception of the
Page 39 and 40: Malaysia In Malaysia, the abuse <st
Page 41 and 42: The primary method of</stro
Page 43 and 44: them at least two to three times pe
Page 45 and 46: Curiosity is the most popular motiv
Page 47 and 48: Inhaling from a plastic bag: The vo
Page 49 and 50: (between US $0.04 and US $0.80) a d
Page 51 and 52: truant, who have money, and who are
Page 53 and 54: Edmondson, K. Review of</st
Page 55 and 56: Inhalant A
Page 57 and 58: Children working in the streets 280
Page 59 and 60: (1986), collected data on the preva
Page 61 and 62: Anecdotal information suggests that
Page 63 and 64: FIGURE 3. Psychological process mod
Page 65 and 66: ehavior. A secondary aim has been u
Page 67 and 68: REFERENCES ABC Communication. Consu
Page 69 and 70: Inhalant Use Among
Page 71 and 72: TABLE 1. Lifetime prevalence <stron
Page 73 and 74: TABLE 3. Lifetime prevalence <stron
Page 75 and 76: TABLE 4. Solvent use found for 1,83
Page 77 and 78: however, rarely is taken into consi
Page 79: TABLE 7. Weekly use (at least once
Page 83 and 84: Oetting, E.R.; Edwards, R.W.; and B
Page 85 and 86: RESULTS Prevalence Rates The findin
Page 87 and 88: TABLE 2. Use of in
Page 89 and 90: Incidence Rates Data from the surve
Page 91 and 92: TABLE 7. Use of in
Page 93 and 94: FIGURE 2(a). Proportion and number
Page 95 and 96: TABLE 8. Regression analysis: Use <
Page 97 and 98: TABLE 10(a). Mean age at first inha
Page 99 and 100: TABLE 13. Percentage of</st
Page 101 and 102: FIGURE 3. Opinion on health consequ
Page 103 and 104: The conduct of con
Page 105 and 106: Inhalant A
Page 107 and 108: The lack of epidem
Page 109 and 110: FIGURE 1. Substance abusers treated
Page 111 and 112: FIGURE 2. Drug used at initiation <
Page 113 and 114: The registered inhalant abusers ran
Page 115 and 116: medication, and jumping from a tall
Page 117 and 118: (with the main psychoactive compone
Page 119 and 120: In 1990, a World Health Organizatio
Page 121 and 122: FIGURE 7. Number of</strong
Page 123 and 124: of an epidemic, wh
Page 125 and 126: Oetting, E.R.; Beauvais, F.; and Ed
Page 127 and 128: FIGURE 1. Arrests for drug statute
Page 129 and 130: had inhaled the vapor from lacquer
Page 131 and 132:
FIGURE 4. Numbers of</stron
Page 133 and 134:
TABLE 3. Age appeared to consultati
Page 135 and 136:
TABLE 5. Present occupational situa
Page 137 and 138:
FIGURE 5. SOURCE: Longitudnal patte
Page 139 and 140:
FIGURE 7. Longitudinal pattern <str
Page 141 and 142:
Epidemiology <stro
Page 143 and 144:
TABLE 1. National
Page 145 and 146:
(Hughes et al. 1980). The system ha
Page 147 and 148:
TABLE 2. National
Page 149 and 150:
TABLE 3. National
Page 151 and 152:
FIGURE 1. National
Page 153 and 154:
FIGURE 3. Drug Registry System (SRI
Page 155 and 156:
TABLE 5. National
Page 157 and 158:
TABLE 6. National
Page 159 and 160:
TABLE 7. National
Page 161 and 162:
TABLE 9. National
Page 163 and 164:
TABLE 9. National
Page 165 and 166:
TABLE 10. National
Page 167 and 168:
TABLE 10. National
Page 169 and 170:
The longest running institution, th
Page 171 and 172:
Several programs have been develope
Page 173 and 174:
Thus, substance abuse research has
Page 175 and 176:
3. Alcohol and tobacco were not con
Page 177 and 178:
Leal, H., and Pacheco, G. Estrategi
Page 179 and 180:
Division of <stron
Page 181 and 182:
mind the fact that a sizeable numbe
Page 183 and 184:
Adults and Older Students I
Page 185 and 186:
Method Participants. Participants w
Page 187 and 188:
TABLE 6. Types of
Page 189 and 190:
TABLE 9. Sources of</strong
Page 191 and 192:
THE NEED FOR MORE RESEARCH ON INHAL
Page 193 and 194:
funding. However, by encouraging th
Page 195 and 196:
AUTHOR Isidore Silas Obot, Ph.D., M
Page 197 and 198:
abuse and their biomedical, social,
Page 199 and 200:
nitrites—is virtually unknown in
Page 201 and 202:
TABLE 3. Frequency of</stro
Page 203 and 204:
TABLE 5. Lifetime prevalence and cu
Page 205 and 206:
working with children living in the
Page 207 and 208:
of the youthful po
Page 209 and 210:
Lucchini, R. “Niños Callejeros y
Page 211 and 212:
least as far back as 1983. However,
Page 213 and 214:
TABLE 1. Phase-out schedule for ozo
Page 215 and 216:
inquisitorial, unlike the procedure
Page 217 and 218:
UNITED KINGDOM VSA-RELATED MORTALIT
Page 219 and 220:
FIGURE 5. United Kingdom VSA-relate
Page 221 and 222:
TABLE 2. United Kingdom VSA-related
Page 223 and 224:
TABLE 4. United Kingdom VSA-related
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
NATIONAL VSA STATISTICS The only <s
Page 231 and 232:
TABLE 6. National
Page 233 and 234:
TABLE 7. Local surveys giving infor
Page 235 and 236:
TABLE 7. Local surveys giving infor
Page 237 and 238:
presented as a confidential “Scho
Page 239 and 240:
TABLE 8. Surveys of</strong
Page 241 and 242:
Children’s Act 1989: Section 17 r
Page 243 and 244:
problem would go away like other te
Page 245 and 246:
Children ages 14-16 “should have
Page 247 and 248:
contributions from many small group
Page 249 and 250:
Chadwick, O.; Anderson, R.; Bland,
Page 251 and 252:
Market and Opinion Research Interna
Page 253 and 254:
Streete, P.J.; Ruprah, M.; Ramsey,
Page 255 and 256:
Treatment Strategies for Volatile S
Page 257 and 258:
that they chose solvents not only b
Page 259 and 260:
Medical management and detoxificati
Page 261 and 262:
challenges to a healthy readjustmen
Page 263 and 264:
REFERENCES Beauvais, F. Social and
Page 265 and 266:
Gathering Epidemiologic Information
Page 267 and 268:
DIRECT POPULATION SURVEYS Cross-sec
Page 269 and 270:
The findings in the two surveys wer
Page 271 and 272:
TABLE 1. Recent use a of</s
Page 273 and 274:
are due to the fact that inhalants
Page 275 and 276:
number usually is advertised in tel
Page 277 and 278:
REFERENCES Beauvais, F. Volatile so
Page 279 and 280:
Inhalants: A Polic
Page 281 and 282:
predominated, but it seems clear th
Page 283 and 284:
classes containing these substances
Page 285 and 286:
justify their positions more on pri
Page 287 and 288:
eformulation of pr
Page 289 and 290:
with abuse potential, and additiona
Page 291 and 292:
TABLE 2. Type of l
Page 293 and 294:
TABLE 3. Type of d
Page 295 and 296:
TABLE 4. Type of b
Page 297 and 298:
TABLE 5. Specified products regulat
Page 299 and 300:
TABLE 6. Prevention curricula and i
Page 301 and 302:
appear to enter treatment that prog
Page 303 and 304:
Policy Alternative 1: Change Produc
Page 305 and 306:
outcome evaluations. Ideally, such
Page 307 and 308:
Mata, A.G., Jr., and Andrew, S.R. <
Page 309 and 310:
Recommendations and Conclusions Zil
Page 311 and 312:
AUTHORS Zili Sloboda, Sc.D. Nichola
Page 313 and 314:
26 42 50 52 53 54 56 61 62 THE BEHA
Page 315 and 316:
80 82 83 84 85 87 88 89 92 NEEDLE S
Page 317 and 318:
102 106 107 108 109 111 112 113 ANA
Page 319 and 320:
124 NEUROBIOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO B
Page 321 and 322:
138 139 140 141 142 143 IMAGING TEC
Page 323:
NIH Publication No 95-3831 Printed
show all

Epidemiology of Inhalant Abuse - Archives - National Institute on ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?