sectoral economic costs and benefits of ghg mitigation - IPCC

Transport
Table 5
Tellus Institute Study, Carbon Reductions in 2010, Transport Sector
Policy
MtC
Fuel efficiency 105
Cellulosic ethanol 31
VMT reductions 65
Total 201
Source: Bernow et al.
5 Conclusion
Estimates of the costs and benefits of GHG mitigation in the transport sector are highly
dependent on two uncertainties: within the automotive sector, the availability of alternatives to
petroleum as a fuel; within the larger transport sector, the ability of price and non-price policies
to collectively induce behavioral and technological changes that can engender emissions
reductions. This paper has argued that a “policy push” has proven effective, and will remain
essential, in invigorating and encouraging the nascent “market pull” in automotive innovation,
which could substantially lower auto-related emissions and the manufacturing cost of cleaner and
more efficient vehicles. It has also argued that, in concurrence with Dr. Bose’s overview paper,
integrated policy packages that tap local-global synergies, balance supply and demand measures,
and avoid the temptation of the “technical fix” are the key to realizing low-cost mitigation
opportunities in the transport sector - in industrial as well as developing nations.
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