sectoral economic costs and benefits of ghg mitigation - IPCC

Energy Intensive Industries
Figure 3 Trend in sec for the Indian cement industry
170
SEC (Gcal/tonne)
160
150
140
130
120
110
83
85
87
SEC
89
91
93
1980-
81
1982-
1984-
1986-
1988-
1990-
1992-
1994-
95
The present average sec of the Indian cement industry is about 840 kcal/kg of clinker for thermal
energy and 110 kWh/tonne of cement for electrical energy. The corresponding figures for
modern dry process plants in Japan are 730 kcal/kg clinker and 95 kWh/tonne of cement.
Although these figures can not be compared straightway owing to differences in product mix,
structure of the industry etc., there is definitely scope for further improving the energy use
efficiency in the sector.
Table 3
CO 2 emissions from cement industry
Year
Process
generated
emissions
(ktonne)
Emissions from
fuel
consumption
(ktonne)
Total
emission
s
(ktonne)
Cement
production
(mt)
Specific CO 2
emissions
(t/t cement)
1981-82 10418.65 13773.10 24191.8 20.90 1.16
1982-83 11565.20 14781.74 26346.9 23.20 1.14
1983-84 13459.50 17857.40 31316.9 27.00 1.16
1984-85 14955.00 18094.42 33049.4 30.00 1.10
1985-86 16500.35 20155.82 36656.2 33.10 1.11
1986-87 18245.10 22077.18 40322.3 36.60 1.10
1987-88 19740.60 22142.29 41882.9 39.60 1.06
1988-89 20787.45 24889.14 45676.6 41.70 1.10
1989-90 21385.65 24786.89 46172.5 42.90 1.08
1990-91 22831.30 25069.29 47900.6 45.80 1.05
1991-92 26719.60 25163.58 51883.2 53.60 0.97
1992-93 26968.85 27103.10 54071.9 54.10 1.00
1993-94 28863.15 27301.80 56165 57.90 0.97
1994-95 29062.55 29280.82 58343.4 58.30 1.00
1995-96 32138.30 NA NA 64.47 NA
1996-97 37886.00 NA NA 76.00 NA
Environment performance
During the manufacture of cement, CO 2 is released on account of; (a) fossil fuel burning and (b)
chemical process involved in cement manufacturing, which represents the only major non-energy
source of industrial CO 2 emission. Table 3 gives an estimate of the CO 2 emission for the Indian
industry.
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