White paper on creativity - ebla center

Chapter 2products provide the means forconsuming copyrighted products, e.g.CD and DVD players, televisions andcomputers.The main strength of this approach isthe straightforward matching of thedefinition of the industries and thestatistical classification used to measurethe most significant economic variablesat national level.The KEA Concentric Circles ModelA study carried out by KEA for theEuropean commission describes andanalyses the economic contribution ofthe sector defined as the “Economy ofCulture” on the European scene.In this approach, first proposed byThrosby (2001), an analyticalframework describes the Macrosectoraccording to a concentric model. At thecentre are more strictly artistic activitiesor those connected to the culturalheritage. Round this core are thetraditional Cultural Industries, i.e. thoseinvolved in reproducing andcommercialising cultural productsgenerated by artistic activities. Beyondthe Cultural Industries are the CreativeIndustries, which include activities suchas design, architecture and advertising.Lastly, the outermost circle containsthe Connected Industries, characterisedby the production and marketing ofsupports for the fruition of goods andservices supplied by the cultural andcreative industries.On the basis of this classification, theEconomy of Culture approach isintended to be a synthesis of theCultural, Creative and CopyrightIndustries models.The UNCTAD ModelThe model put forward by UnitedNations Conference on Trade andDevelopment (UNCTAD) is the mostrecent approach to the subject and waslaunched with the Creative Economy 2008report.This model identifies four main areasof the cultural economy and creativity:the Cultural Heritage, Visual andPerforming Arts, Media, andFunctional Creations.The Cultural Heritage, seen as culturalcapital, is the origin of all cultural andartistic expressions in a country. Thisarea includes museums, archives,libraries, monuments and sites ofcultural interest. The Visual andPerforming Arts encompass those goodsand services generated by artisticexpression, i.e. performing arts and artobjects. The category of Media groupstogether goods and services producedby the traditional cultural industries, i.e.books, films and music. Lastly, thegroup of Functional Creations includethose services and goods which haveboth a strong symbolic content and afunctional value. This group includesfashion and design goods, the servicesof architecture and advertising,software and videogames. TheUNCTAD classification is based on thestatistical need to measure theinternational trade of cultural andcreative products, rather than a need toWHITE PAPER ON CREATIVITY 52