Mayo Test Catalog, (Sorted By Test Name) - Mayo Medical ...

GDT
89302
GDUR
89316
gadobenate dimeglumine in subjects with renal impairment. Invest Radiol 1999;34:443-448 3. Otherson
JB, Maize JC, Woolson RF, Budisavljevic MN: Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis after exposure to
gadolinium in patients with renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2007;10:1093-1100 4. Perazella MA:
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, kidney disease, and gadolinium: is there a link? Clin J AM Soc Nephrol
2007;2:200-202 5. Saitoh T, Hayasaka K, Tanaka Y, et al: Dialyzability of gadodiamide in hemodialysis
patients. Radiat Med 2006;24:445-451 6. Leung N, Pittelkow MR, Lee CU, et al: Chelation of
gadolinium with deferoxamine in a patient with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. NDT Plus
2009;2:309-311
Gadolinium, Dermal, Tissue
Clinical Information: Gadolinium is a member of the lanthanide series of the periodic table of
elements and is considered a nonessential element. Due to its paramagnetic properties, chelated
gadolinium is commonly employed as contrast media for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and
computer tomography (CT) scanning. Gadolinium is eliminated primarily by the renal filtration. In
healthy subjects with normal renal function, the plasma half-life of gadolinium is approximately 90
minutes. Patients with reduced renal function exhibit increased gadolinium excretion half-life. Patient
with reduced renal function exposed to gadolinium chelates used as MRI or CT contrast media may be
affected by nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. In this syndrome, prolonged retention of gadolinium is thought
to allow the gadolinium cation to dissociate from its synthetic organic chelator and deposit predominantly
in the skin, although other organs may be affected as well. These patients are often severely debilitated by
progressive skin thickening and tightening. Fibrosis of skeletal muscle, lungs, liver, testes, and
myocardium have also been observed, often with fatal results. Three hemodialysis treatments are required
to substantially remove gadolinium from patients with impaired renal function; peritoneal dialysis is not
effective.
Useful For: This test is useful for evaluation of dermal tissue. No other tissue types have been
validated. The reference range applies only to dermal tissue. Diagnosis of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
by documenting gadolinium deposition in affected dermal tissue.
Interpretation: Elevated gadolinium (>0.5 mcg/g) observed in dermal tissue specimens collected more
than 48 hours after administration of gadolinium-containing contrast media indicates gadolinium
deposition. These patients have increased risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF). In individuals with
NSF, affected tissues are likely to contain gadolinium at concentrations in the range of 4 to 186 mcg/g.
Unaffected tissues from gadolinium-exposed subjects exhibit gadolinium concentration of 0.6 mcg/g to 28
mcg/g. A reportable gadolinium concentration in tissue suggests recent administration of
gadolinium-containing contrast media. In association with reduced renal function, these findings indicate
a risk of NSF.
Reference Values: