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MHSV
87998
acid amplification in our laboratory. The method has been shown to be more sensitive and rapid than the
shell vial assay for the detection of HSV and VZV DNA.
Useful For: Rapid diagnosis of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus infections
Interpretation: Detection of herpes herpes simplex virus (HSV) or varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
DNA indicates the presence of HSV or VZV in the specimen. This test, which detects HSV and VZV
DNA using an automated PCR instrument (LightCycler) for nucleic acid amplification, is more
sensitive and faster than shell vial cell culture. This LightCycler PCR assay does not yield positive
results with other herpesvirus gene targets (HSV, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus).
Reference Values:
Not applicable
Clinical References: 1. Schiffer JT, Corye L: New concepts in understanding genital herpes. Curr
Infect Dis Rep Nov 2009;11(6):457-464 2. Espy MJ, Uhl JR, Svien KA: Laboratory diagnosis of herpes
simplex virus infections in the clinical laboratory by LightCycler PCR. J Clin Microbiol
2000;38(2):795-799 3. Espy MJ, Ross TK, Teo R: Evaluation of LightCycler PCR for implementation
of laboratory diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections. J Clin Microbiol 2000;38(8):3116-3118 4.
Sauerbrei A, Eichhorn U, Hottenrott G, Wutzler P: Virological diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis.
J Clin Virol 2000;17(1):31-36 5. Mitchell PS, Espy MJ, Smith TF, et al: Laboratory diagnosis of central
nervous system infections with herpes simplex virus by PCR performed with cerebrospinal fluid
specimens. J Clin Microbiol 1997;35(11):2873-2877 6. Yi-Wei T, Mitchell PS, Espy MJ, et al:
Molecular diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections in the central nervous system. J Clin Microbiol
1999;37(7):2127-2136 7. Cinque P, Bossolasco S, Vago L, et al: Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) DNA in
cerebrospinal fluid of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: VZV disease of the central
nervous system or subclinical reactivation of VZV infection? Clin Infect Di1997;25(3):634-639 8.
Brown M, Scarborough M, Brink N, et al: Varicella zoster virus-associated neurological disease in
HIV-infected patients. Int J STD AIDS 2001;12(2):79-83 9. Studahl M, Hagberg L, Rekabdar E,
Bergstrom T: Herpesvirus DNA detection in cerebrospinal fluid: differences in clinical presentation
between alpha-, beta-, and gamma-herpesviruses. Scand J Infect Dis 2000;32(3):237-248 10. Iten A,
Chatelard P, Vuadens P, et al: Impact of cerebrospinal fluid PCR on the management of HIV-infected
patients with varicella-zoster virus infection of the central nervous system. J Neurovirol
1999;5(2):172-180
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Antibody Screen, IgM, by EIA,
Serum
Clinical Information: The herpesvirus family contains herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2,
varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and human herpesviruses 6 through 8. HSV
types 1 and 2 produce infections that are expressed in various clinical manifestations ranging from mild
stomatitis to disseminated and fatal disease. The more common clinical conditions include
gingivostomatitis, keratitis, encephalitis, vesicular skin eruptions, aseptic meningitis, neonatal herpes,
genital tract infections, and disseminated primary infection. Infections with HSV types 1 and 2 can
differ significantly in their clinical manifestations and severity. HSV type 1 is closely associated with
infections of the mouth and lips, although genital infections can be common in some populations. HSV
type 2 is the cause of the majority of urogenital infections and is almost exclusively found in adults.
Useful For: Aiding in the diagnosis of infection with herpes simplex virus
Interpretation: A positive result (ie, the presence of IgM class herpes simplex virus [HSV] 1 and/or
2 antibodies) indicates recent infection. The presence of HSV 1 and/or 2 antibodies may indicate a
primary or reactivated infection, but cannot distinguish between them. Specimens with positive results
are automatically tested for IgM antibodies by a second method (immunofluorescence assay [IFA]). The
continued presence or level of antibody cannot be used to determine the success or failure of therapy.
The prevalence of HSV IgM antibodies can vary depending on a number of factors such as age, gender,
geographical location, socio-economic status, race, sexual behavior, testing method used, specimen
collection and handling procedures, and the clinical and epidemiological history of individual patients.
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