MAP Technical Reports Series No. 106 UNEP

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- 257 - l'ammoniaque et de l'urée est plutôt compliquée dans les sols, les nitrates possèdent une mobilité élevée, et des fractions substantielles peuvent être entraînées par lessivage dans les eaux souterraines. L'accumulation des nitrates dans les eaux souterraines et phréatiques du bas de la vallée du Pô est une situation fâcheuse qui, outre qu'elle est un facteur d'eutrophisation, pose problème en matière de sécurité de l'eau de boisson. Néanmoins, ce problème n'a pas encore atteint un point critique. Tableau 3 Origine anthropique des charges d'azote et de phosphore Azote % Phosphore % Eaux usées urbaines: 20 - 40 40 - 60 - (80) Industries agro-alimentaires: Production agricole et utilisation d'engrais Elevage Transformation des aliments 40 - 60 - (80) 20 - 40 Divers: Industries, Ruissellement urbain Atmosphérique Précipitations 10 - 20
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In cooperation with: En coopératio
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- i - This volume is the one-hundre
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. 1. INTRO
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Page No. 6.2.2 Effect of the oxygen
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Page No. 8. MANAGEMENT OF EUTROPHIC
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- 2 - The document describes the pr
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- 4 - Visibly, eutrophication and i
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- 6 - It is to be noted that aspect
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- 8 - A significant number of macro
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- 10 - Because of incomplete transf
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3.2.2 Metabolic processes - 12 - 3.
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- 14 - mineralization occurs essent
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or, - 17 - SO 4 2- [S] S2 - SO 4
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- 19 - specific algal blooms. Also
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- 21 - and oxygen consumption due t
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- 23 - conditions, the geochemical
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- 29 - confounded with source emiss
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- 31 - Table 2 Export Coefficients
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- 34 - Table 3 Origin of Nitrogen a
Page 45 and 46:
- 36 - Table 4 Estimated Nitrogen a
Page 47 and 48:
- 38 - Table 5 River Po: Nitrogen a
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- 40 - In conclusion, the procedure
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- 42 - Mapping of this sort could b
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- 44 - and flux pattern of nitrogen
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Albania France 2 Greece Italy 2 Mal
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- 50 - Table 9 Land Use and Trend i
Page 61 and 62:
- 52 - A generalized Model. Essenti
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- 54 - Table 12a Livestock Populati
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- 56 - Table 13a Estimated Total Ni
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- 58 - representing about 50 to 60%
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- 60 - otherwise natural yet low su
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- 62 - Transfer through, and exchan
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- 64 - the required deficit to acco
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A) Morphometry Surface sqkm Mediter
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- 69 - winter months (Del Rio et al
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- 72 - widespread, with secondary e
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Sardinia - 74 - In general, the coa
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- 77 - soluble nitrogen salts and a
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- 81 - bloom of Noctiluca miliaris
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- 83 - in 1984 (Pucher-Petkovic et
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- 86 - dead), etc. are occluded. As
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- 89 - Bay of Thessaloniki (north-w
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- 91 - Southern coasts. Basturk et
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- 93 - Since the '60s the inputs fr
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- 95 - which occur in all the seas
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- 98 - Initially, there is a revers
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- 100 - (c) Acute toxicity tests on
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- 102 - 6.2.1 Effect of oxygen defi
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- 104 - Naticarius millepunctatus (
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- 106 - Observations in the field h
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- 109 - This environmental disturba
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- 112 - In regard to considering th
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- 116 - was recorded in Spain (63 c
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- 118 - 7.2.1.8 Human intoxication:
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7.2.2 Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisonin
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- 124 - 7.2.2.4 DSP occurrence in t
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- 126 - Transplantation of mussels
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- 128 - shellfish production sites
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- 130 - 7.3.1.4 Occurrence of Proro
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- 133 - act to open membrane channe
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- 137 - Mechanism of action. While
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- 140 - 7.4 General facts on eutrop
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- 143 - Cycle B: refers to aspects
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- 145 - - Protection of human healt
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- 147 - coverage of the sources of
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- 149 - Forcing functions such as i
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10.1 Elimination of nutrients at so
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- 153 - presents also a risk, parti
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- 155 - - inland water management;
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- 157 - The Shores Act, therefore,
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13.2 Assessment of the present stat
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- 161 - Appendix I MEASUREMENTS OF
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- 163 - biogenic sestonic organic m
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- 165 - Alam, M., Y. Shimizu, M. Ik
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- 167 - Ballantine, D. and B.C. Abb
Page 179 and 180:
- 169 - Bombace, G. (1985). Eutrofi
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- 171 - Capria A. (1988). Direttive
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- 173 - Chiaudani, G., G. Gaggino,
Page 185 and 186:
- 175 - Cummins, J.M., A.C. Jones a
Page 187 and 188:
- 177 - Doyle, J. M. Parker, T. Dun
Page 189 and 190:
- 179 - Franco, P. and A. Michelato
Page 191 and 192:
- 181 - Giovanardi, G. and E. Trome
Page 193 and 194:
- 183 - Hickel, W. (1991). Long-ter
Page 195 and 196:
- 185 - Justic, D. (1987). Long-ter
Page 197 and 198:
- 187 - Krogh, P., L. Edlar, E. Gra
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- 189 - Lüthy, J. (1979). Epidemic
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- 191 - Martin, D.F. and A.B. Chatt
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- 193 - Moro, I. and C. Andreoli (1
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- 195 - Pagou, K. and L. Ignatiades
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- 197 - Precali, R. (1995). Analysi
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- 199 - Revelante, N., W.T. William
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- 201 - Sampayo, M.A. de M., P. Alv
Page 213 and 214: - 203 - Skagshaug, E. and Y. Olsen
Page 215 and 216: - 205 - Takai, A., C. Bialojan, M.
Page 217 and 218: - 207 - Vatova, A. (1949). La fauna
Page 219 and 220: - 209 - Vollenweider, R.A. and A.A.
Page 221 and 222: - 211 - Yentch, C.S. and R.F. Vacca
Page 223 and 224: TABLE DES MATIERES Page No. 1. INTR
Page 225 and 226: Page No. 6.2 Dommages occasionnés
Page 227 and 228: Page No. 7.3.6 Les toxines de cyano
Page 229 and 230: 1. INTRODUCTION - 221 - Aux termes
Page 231 and 232: - 223 - - élimination/réduction d
Page 233 and 234: - 225 - bien au-delà, alors que l'
Page 235 and 236: - 227 - 3. CAUSES ET MECANISMES DE
Page 237 and 238: 3.1.2 Producteurs secondaires - 229
Page 239 and 240: - 231 - En raison du transfert inco
Page 241 and 242: - 233 - C 106N 16H 180O 44(PO 4)SH
Page 243 and 244: - 235 - qui excèdent l'unité 4 .
Page 245: - 237 - Azote. La séquence est com
Page 248 and 249: - 240 - L'agrégation hiérarchique
Page 250 and 251: - 242 - brassage en profondeur, des
Page 252 and 253: - 244 - la méthode retenue pour ca
Page 256: - 248 - de traitement secondaire, c
Page 260 and 261: - 252 - kg/jour, t/année, etc., ma
Page 262 and 263: 4.3.3 Voies de cheminement et flux
Page 266 and 267: - 258 - %, ce qui ferait de l'élev
Page 268 and 269: - 260 - relatives du bassin. Si la
Page 270 and 271: Azote: Bassin: Population: Phosphor
Page 272 and 273: Albanie France Grèce Italie 3 Malt
Page 274 and 275: - 266 - d) Industries 3,58 6,06 e)
Page 277 and 278: - 269 - ii) Charge du bassin atteig
Page 279 and 280: - 271 - Au moyen du modèle de rég
Page 282 and 283: - 274 - Tableau 9 Utilisation du so
Page 284 and 285: - 276 - Tableau 11 Secteurs d'activ
Page 286 and 287: - 278 - v) la perte d'azote et de p
Page 288 and 289: - 280 - la charge totale peuvent ê
Page 290 and 291: - 282 - d'exportation calculés pou
Page 292 and 293: d) Dépôts éoliens - 284 - En deh
Page 294 and 295: - 286 - Les estimations des flux é
Page 296 and 297: - 288 - Tableau 18 Charge d'azote e
Page 298 and 299: - 290 - importante; on peut relever
Page 301 and 302: - 293 - le long du courant de l'Atl
Page 304 and 305: - 296 - - Corse. Cette île, qui po
Page 306 and 307: - 298 - conduit à prendre des mesu
Page 308: - 300 - Côtes sud. Un cas correspo
Page 313 and 314: - 305 - L'apparition de ces flagell
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- 307 - (1991b) concordent avec cel
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- 309 - D'autres observations conce
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- 312 - Tableau 21 Charge d'azote e
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- 315 - Baie de Thessalonique (nord
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- 317 - (1992) parviennent aux mêm
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- 319 - Port-Est (2,53 km 2 ). De f
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- 321 - zones environnantes, alors
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- 323 - Studi Ricerche Risorse Biol
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- 326 - 1955. Après 1983, de nombr
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- 328 - hémolysines puissantes. Le
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Bivalves - 330 - Dans le golfe de T
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- 332 - Tellinella distorta (Poli)
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- 334 - Comme, en Méditerranée, i
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- 337 - Ces données ont été comm
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- 340 - Dans le présent chapitre,
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- 344 - fatale chez l'homme communi
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- 346 - Hall, 1991). Cette épreuve
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- 349 - médicaux. De nombreux pati
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- 352 - Des descriptions nosologiqu
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- 354 - al., 1993). Par contre, en
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7.2.2.9 Mécanisme d'action - 356 -
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- 358 - l'homme, différente de la
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- 360 - une leucocytose, une anémi
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- 364 - L'algue verte Chaeatomorpha
Page 375 and 376:
- 367 - 7.3.5.6 Niveaux de toléran
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- 370 - 1992) a distingué une eutr
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- 373 - Cycle B: il a trait aux asp
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- 375 - La surveillance à des fins
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- 377 - La plupart des scientifique
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- 379 - - conservation de la masse,
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- 381 - En ce qui concerne les él
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- 383 - séquentiels (aérobie-anox
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- 385 - - niveaux de pollution; - p
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- 387 - - l'organisation des servic
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- 389 - - Directive du Conseil du 2
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- 391 - complexes qui retentissent
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a) Plancton et bioseston - 393 - Un
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- 395 - Le macronecton, comme les c
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- 397 - A.S.A.E. (1979). Agricultur
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- 399 - Bencivelli, S. and N. Casta
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- 401 - Boussoulengas, A. and A.V.
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- 403 - Castagna, M., Y. Takay, K.
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- 405 - Cortes, D., J. Gil and A. G
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- 407 - Degobbis, D. (1990b). A sto
Page 417 and 418:
- 409 - Erdman, L., M. Sofiev, S. S
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- 411 - Gacic, M., A. Baric, N. Krs
Page 421 and 422:
- 413 - Hall, S. (1991). Natural to
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- 415 - Impellizeri, G., S. Mangiaf
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- 417 - Kendal, M. (1991). Long-ter
Page 427 and 428:
- 419 - Lawrence, J.F., C.F. Charbo
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- 421 - Marasovic, I. and T. Pucher
Page 431 and 432:
- 423 - Ministero della Sanità (19
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- 425 - O'Kane, J.P., M. Suppo, E.
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- 427 - Piccinetti, C. and G. Manfr
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- 429 - Regione Emilia-Romagna (198
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- 431 - Rydberg, L. (1982). Nutrien
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- 433 - Shibata, S., Y. Ishida, H.
Page 443 and 444:
- 435 - Stravisi, F. (1991). Intera
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- 437 - UNEP (1983). Technical Aspe
Page 447 and 448:
- 439 - Viviani, R., L. Boni, A. Mi
Page 449 and 450:
- 441 - Yasumoto, T. and M. Murata
Page 451 and 452:
- 443 - PUBLICATIONS OF THE MAP TEC
Page 453 and 454:
- 445 - 30. UNEP: Meteorological an
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- 447 - 60. UNEP/WHO: Development a
Page 457 and 458:
- 449 - 91. UNEP: A Contribution fr
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- 451 - 14. PNUE: L'expérience des
Page 461 and 462:
- 453 - 45. PNUE/AIEA: Transfert de
Page 463 and 464:
- 455 - 74. PNUE/FIS: Rapport de l'
Page 465:
Issued and printed by: Mediterranea
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MAP Technical Reports Series No. 106 UNEP

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