Maila Aurreratuko Kurrikulua (B2.1 eta B2.2)

o Erlatibozko menderakuntza murriztaileak –defining– (The students who took part in the
project were given a prize) eta azalpenezkoak –non-defining– (The students, who took part in
the project, were given a prize). Izenordain erlatiboak erabiltzea eta ez erabiltzea
o Superlatiboaren ostean: Is that the best [that] you can do?
Izen-funtzioko menderakuntza
o It + be + probabilitatea adierazteko adjektiboak (It is likely that it will snow tonight); +
ziurtasuna adieraztekoak (It is expected that the teachers will strike), eta + iritzia ematekoak
(It is good that he has come).
o It + adItza + that (It surprises me that he has left already).
o Egitura enfatikoak/cleft sentences:
o Wh-clauses (Wh+NP+VP) subjektu gisa dagoenean (What I like is watching football);
to be aditzaren ondoren doan osagarri gisa (This is not what I expected) eta zeharkako
galderetan zenbait aditzen atzetik doanean, hala nola, ask, wonder, tell, remember,
know aditzen atzetik (I don’t know why he left him).
o What +VP: subjektu gisa (What interests me is politics) eta objektu gisa (I know what
is meant).
o It aurreratzea (It’s healthy to follow a balanced diet).
o NP + VP + aditza infinitiboan: zentzumen-pertzepzioa adierazten duten aditzekin (I saw him
drive away).
o NP + to + VP infinitive: desira adierazteko aditzekin (I’d love my son to become a doctor),
nahiak/zaletasunak adierazteko aditzekin (I do not like my children to play video games),
pertsuasioa adierazteko aditzekin (Tell that child not to shout) eta ezagutzak adierazteko
aditzekin (I know her to be a bright woman).
o NP + VP gerund (I hate ants entering my larder).
o NP + [to be] + adjective (I prefer water [to be] boiled).
Adberbio-funtzioko menderakuntza
o Lekuzkoak: where, wherever (Wherever we go, we see him).
o Denborazkoak: since, until/till, while/whilst, present/past participle (Having finished his work,
he went home).
o Moduzkoak: as, as if, as though, like (He did as I instructed him).
o Konparatiboak: than, as ...as, not so ...as (He is not so bright as his brother).
o Helburuzkoak: so as to, in order to, infinitive of purpose (I employed a nurse to look after my
mother).
o Kausazkoak: so that, because, as, since, for, present/past participle (Knowing his tastes she
bought him a science fiction novel; Written in an unknown language, the inscription couldn’t
be deciphered).
o Ondoriozkoak: so… that so (It was raining hard, so they stayed in).
o Kontzesiboak: for all [that], in spite of, despite, much as, however much/many, no matter
how/how much (For all the improvement you made in the last year, you might as well give up
boxing); (Much as I hated to do it, I had no choice); (You have to pay whether you like it or
not).
o Baldintzazkoak:
o Baldintzazko perpaus-motak finkatuko ditugu.
o Baldintzazko hipotetikoak, irrealak eta ezinezkoak sakonago aztertuko ditugu.
o Baldintzazkoaren forma aurreratuak:
Baldintzazko mistoak finkatzea: second/third conditional (If the island were
still a tourist attraction, last week’s earthquake would have caused far more
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CURRÍCULO HEOI
NIVEL AVANZADO
MAILA AURRERATUA