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Histologia Básica, Texto e Atlas - 12ª Edição - Junqueira & Carneiro

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9 1 Tecido Nervoso<br />

A B 2 semanas C 3 S•emanas D 3meses E Alguns meses<br />

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Figura 9.37 Modificações que podem ororrer quando a fibra nervosa é seccionada. A. Fibra nervosa motora normal. Note a posição do núdeo do neurônio e a distribuição da subs·<br />

tancía de Nissl. 8. Quando a fibra sofre lesão, o núcleo do neurônio desloca-se para a periferia e diminui a quantidade da substância de Nissl (cromatólise). A parte distal da fibra nervosa<br />

degenera, havendo fragmentação da mielina, que é fagoàtada por macrófagos. C. Devido à falta de uso, a fibra muscular estriada atrofia. A proliferação das células de Schwann deu<br />

origem a um cilindro, que é penetrado pelos axônios em crescimento. Estes crescem a uma velocidade de 0,5 a 3 mm por dia. O. No exemplo dado, a regeneração foi bem-sucedida, e a<br />

fibra muscular voltou ao seu díâmetro normal. E. Quando o axônio não encontra um cílindro de células de Schwann, seu crescimento é desordenado, formando muitas vezes os'neuromas<br />

de <strong>amp</strong>utaçâo'. (Adaptada e reproduzida, com autorização, de Willis AT: The Principies of Pathology and Bocreriology, 3rd ed. Butterworth, 1972.)<br />

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