CATULLUS 68 - Scuola Normale Superiore

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82 una atque altera rursus unus atque (or et) alter ‘a couple (of)’ is a set phrase, apparently urbane and somewhat elevated; among poets it is only used by Horace (1x Sat., 2x Epist., 1x A.P.), Ovid (6x, but not in Met.) and Juvenal (1x), while in prose it is found in Cicero (5x orat., 1x epist.), Sallust (2x), Valerius Maximus (1x), Columella (2x), Tacitus (1x Dial. and 1x Hist.), Suetonius (8x), Gellius (4x) and Apuleius (1x, in Met.). It can either stand for ‘two’, as at Cic. Clu. 38 cum unum iam et alterum diem desideraretur, Att. 14.18.1 tuis et unis et alteris litteris and Ov. Her. 15.182 et sub ea uersus unus et alter erunt (referring to the subsequent distich), or for ‘a few’, ‘not many’, as at Hor. Epist. 2.1.74 si uersus paulo concinnior unus et alter and Colum. 4.27.6 pampinos summouere, nisi ad renouandam uitem unus atque alter seruandus est. Here the former meaning seems more likely. hiems Since O writes hyemps, while G and R have hyems, the spelling hiemps is adopted by Lucian Müller in his edition. It is also proposed by Cremona (1958: 426f.). For the epenthetic p compare the perfects dempsi and sumpsi as well as Vulgar Latin autumpnus, contempno, dampnum, sompnus. The spelling hiemps is attested at least once in authoritative MSS of authors including Cicero, Caesar, Varro, Horace, Virgil, Livy, Celsus, Columella and Tacitus (see TLL 6.3.2773.64-83 and Neue-Wagener 1 3 .217f.), while the Hadrianic grammarian Terentius Scaurus has to point out twice that the correct form is not hiemps but hiems (GL 7.21.6-9 and 7.27.3-17): evidently both were use in his time. In the epigraphic evidence we find hiemps (CIL 1 2 p. 281 [f].9 = CIL 6.32505, from somewhere in Italy) alongside hi ems (CIL 8.12588, from Carthage) and iemns (CIL 14.2030, from Ostia; the date of all three inscriptions is uncertain). Since O is less innovative than X (= GR), it is more likely to conserve the reading of the archetype, though it is also more likely to make foolish errors; but in any case if the p was present in the archetype, it could well have been inserted by someone during Antiquity or the Middle Ages. See further the Introduction, p. 80. 83 noctibus in longis Nights are longer during the winter and Catullus assumes that it is then that Laodamia would have been able to satiate herself with love-making (on indoor activities during winter nights compare Verg. Geo. 1.291-296). auidum saturasset amorem A phrase that appears surprisingly and even suspiciously modern, but there are parallels for auidus as well as for saturo: compare Var. Men. 342 Astbury postquam auida libido rapere ac comedere (the reading is uncertain) coepit and Cic. Cato 39 uoluptatem corporis … cuius uoluptatis auidae libidines temere et ecfrenate ad potiendum incitarentur for the former and Cat. 64.119f. nondum / lumina sunt gnati cara saturata figura and Rhet. Her. 4.65 exple meas inimicitias et iracundiam satura tuo sanguine for the latter. 84 abrupto … coniugio For abrumpo ‘to interrupt’, ‘to end prematurely’ compare esp. Sidon. Epist. 9.6.1 abrupto contubernio ancillae and also Verg. Aen. 8.579 nunc, o nunc liceat crudelem abrumpere uitam with 9.497, and CE 1219.1-3 = CIL 6.25871.1-3 uiginti duo erant anni … abrupit dirae sortis iniqua dies (see further TLL 1.141.3-71). It is a strong word. 200
85f. The Parcae knew that Laodamia’s marriage would soon be interrupted if her husband left for Troy, that is, in this case he was fated to die soon. It is typical of Catullus to tell about an event by saying that it was or is known to this or that character: compare line 109 ferunt, line 112 audit and especially the song of the Parcae at 64.323-381, in which they foretell the life and death of Achilles. Here however he lets this narrative device take the shape of a characteristic element of ancient Greek religion, the conditional prophecy: if X happens, Y is bound to follow; if Protesilaus left for Troy, he was fated to die. This is not found in any other ancient version of the myth, but it resembles a prophecy first attested in Ovid (Her. 13.93- 100, cfr. Auson. 12.12 Green) that may already have been present in Euripides’ lost Protesilaus, that the first Greek soldier to jump off his ship under Troy was fated to die. Protesilaus did so and soon he found his death. Trappes-Lomax (2007: 238f.) proposes to delete this distich, as the reader does not need to be told about the prophecy, the neuter relative pronoun quod follows awkwardly after coniugio and the nam-clause in lines 87f. follows just as well after line 84 as after 86. We have just seen that the prophecy is not attested elsewhere, and that it serves as a very Catullan narrative device; quod is not particularly problematic (see below); and in fact the nam-clause follows less well after line 84 than after 86, as it makes more sense as an explanation of why Protesilaus had to go to Troy (line 86) than of why Laodamia’s marriage had to end (line 84). Fröhlich (1849: 262) would re-write the distich as quod scibant Parcae haut longum fore, Protesilaus / si miles muros isset ad Iliacos. That would solve at least two problems, the awkwardness of quod referring to abrupto … coniugio and that of miles meaning ‘as a soldier’. However, it is far from the transmitted text, and it is very unattractive on account of the harsh elision, the prosaic haut longum fore and the pentesyllable Protesilaus standing at the end of the line after a strong stop. 85 quod The antecedent is not coniugio but abrupto … coniugio ‘the breaking-up of her marriage.’ scibant For the ending –ibant instead of –iebant to accommodate forms that would not fit into a dactylic line compare 64.319 custodibant and 84.8 audibant. By-forms of the imperfect in –ibam, –ibas etc. are attested in poetry regularly, though not often, from Plautus onwards: see Neue-Wagener 3.316-319. The irregularity should not be removed with Lucian Mueller’s scirant, which would spoil the drama: the point is that the Parcae knew where events would lead, while Laodamia did not. Lachmann tentatively suggested scibat in his apparatus, but this too would spoil the contrast, and Parcae … tempore would be startling. It is characteristic of Catullus to describe part of the action from the perspective of a third party: see on 85f. above. Parcae The name of these native Roman goddesses (on whom see OCD s.v. ‘fate’ and Neue Pauly s.v. ‘Parcae’) suggests that they were originally associated with childbirth: compare pario, partus. However, Livius Andronicus frg. 23 FPL 3 quando dies adueniet, quem profata Morta est already attributes prophetic powers to them (cfr. the context of the fragment at Gel. 3.16.11). At 64.303-385 Catullus has assimilated 201
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CATULLUS 68 Edited with an Introduc
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Bei irgendeinem Spätling muß doch
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the first place. As a result of all
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When I started working on this volu
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CONTENTS PREFACE ..................
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At first sight, this debate could a
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so that one would not have to look
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least, non utriusque in line 39 cou
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artistic unity of the poem ...” 2
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can only claim that an expression s
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later than the 6 th century A.D., a
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(c) Carmen 68 is unitary and concer
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Morgan is a separatist, while Lachm
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This solution was proposed by Frank
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(S 3) Lines 20 and 22-24 are repeat
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(S 5) In lines 1-40 Catullus says h
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in that of 1973 or in his 1988 revi
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address in poem 68 for a number of
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(1) R 2 (Coluccio Salutati) has add
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whether the evidence at our disposa
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later Torquatus tried unsuccessfull
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68a that may support such an identi
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straightforward Yes or No. In short
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from a private letter. This could b
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desertum in line 6). The second pai
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I propose a twofold solution. There
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***** Does Catullus reject both Man
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some sort of practical contribution
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methods and ideals of the doctus po
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If a wealthy Roman male 122 was des
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friends appear to have found romant
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CATULLUS 68B ‘Goddesses, I cannot
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There is space for disagreement abo
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to be rather flexible; evidently Ca
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loc.) - but here too it is not clea
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and Lesbia. Twenty-five years have
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One is the theme of human and divin
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his exemplar from those that he mad
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have been using not the archetype,
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The apparatus criticus I should cla
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It has been hard to decide whether
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38 Hamburg - Stadt- und Universitä
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CATULLI CARMEN LXVIIIA Quod mihi fo
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nam mihi quam dederit duplex Amathu
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ne Paris abducta gauisus libera moe
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huc addant diui quam plurima, quae
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poem through several stages of tran
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mihi mitto ‘to send’, ‘to hav
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daughter Tullia (Erskine 1997). Cic
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Να⌠ακο⎜ω ≥δη, δεσ
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spumantibus exspuit undis This expr
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A somewhat peculiar interpretation
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Prop. 1.8.33 and Tib. 1.1.43; terra
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In the present passage caelibe evid
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contemporaries; and it made Catullu
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10 ‘… and that (it is) from her
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• Theognis 249f. ο⎡ξ 〈ππ
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• Solon frg. 26 West ƒργα δ
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position to give them; he implies t
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Ellis (ad loc.), Schöll (1880: 473
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15-26 ‘I had my share of amorous
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man (and a Roman citizen), that is,
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actions (compare the plural of demo
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would not have been taken over into
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comedy (Pl. Curc. 697, Men. 1133, A
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their own (see on sepulta in the pr
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not] employ the offensively hyperbo
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closer to turpe. This would be an e
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quid agis? ...’). In general, scr
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frigida ... membra Since erotic fer
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29. What is ‘sad rather than sham
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introduces a new point that is in s
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1955 on Verg. Aen. 4.2, and cfr. Ca
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you both, if I had any to hand.’
Page 149 and 150: unius tantum ‘only of one’? Ove
Page 151 and 152: without any hint that the investmen
Page 153 and 154: 68B: IN PRAISE OF ALLIUS 41-50 ‘G
Page 155 and 156: are solved by Scaliger’s brillian
Page 157 and 158: me’ is a much more suitable expre
Page 159 and 160: monument (Fordyce), which is the pl
Page 161 and 162: What makes the image effective and
Page 163 and 164: eference to Allius’ funeral is po
Page 165 and 166: Alternatively, it could be assumed
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Page 169 and 170: fletu This verbal noun is well-esta
Page 171 and 172: Culex 123f. primum prona surgebant
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Page 175 and 176: It remains to consider the rest of
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Page 181 and 182: clausum Fordyce is probably right t
Page 183 and 184: characterize the gift and not the g
Page 185 and 186: far from the transmitted text, and
Page 187 and 188: the Elder, N.H. 17.134 cum sit mutu
Page 189 and 190: eloved as a goddess: thus Pl. Bacch
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Page 193 and 194: 511.65. constituo is not used elsew
Page 195 and 196: exist in Latin, to -au-, which did;
Page 197 and 198: 77f. Catullus interrupts his narrat
Page 199: ieiuna … desideret ara The altar
Page 203 and 204: y this time. Argiuus, meaning not o
Page 205 and 206: Meillet s.v. cinis), but the Italia
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Page 209 and 210: cognatos … cineres Enallage: ‘r
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Page 213 and 214: were using the aspirated forms (Ora
Page 215 and 216: 109 quale Here and at 111 quod the
Page 217 and 218: Stymphalia monstra ‘The Stymphali
Page 219 and 220: altior illo, / qui … , which woul
Page 221 and 222: First, it is hard to see how the ne
Page 223 and 224: et flumina uim minuerunt and 6.645
Page 225 and 226: 126 improbius ‘More shamelessly
Page 227 and 228: 1549 - see Nomenclator 96), whose a
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Page 231 and 232: prose it is replaced by tametsi. It
Page 233 and 234: eassuring environment, with the win
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Page 237 and 238: omniuoli This hapax legomenon is su
Page 239 and 240: this line at himself. But why shoul
Page 241 and 242: (Fordyce), nor is there any need to
Page 243 and 244: Consequently I do not think that on
Page 245 and 246: (1958: 103) and Trappes-Lomax (2007
Page 247 and 248: Trappes-Lomax (2007: 244) notes tha
Page 249 and 250: to diuus (7x against 2x), in the lo
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All these supplements presuppose th
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directed to God the Creator. He cou
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transdidi used by Fronto (Epist. p.
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for a shipwrecked man but must be a
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the previous and the following dist
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would have never wanted to say that
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conjecture and proposed another rec
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5) Agius 75-78 uos nostis, quanta i
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APPENDIX II: CATULLUS’ SOURCES FO
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Catullus calls Protesilaus’ house
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BIBLIOGRAPHY A note on references C
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PLM Aemilius Baehrens ed. (1879-188
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G Catulle, Manuscrit de St-Germain-
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Hartman, J.J. (1916), ‘De Catulli
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Heine, Rolf (1975), ‘Zu Catull c.
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Newman, John Kevin (1990), Roman Ca
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Berry, D.H. (1996), Cicero: Pro P.
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Graziosi Acquaro, Maria Teresa (197
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Pomey, Patrice (1997), ‘Les dange
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--- (1929), ‘Sepulcri Portuensis
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