Employmentweb_low

EmpLoymEnT, work, And HEALTH inEquALiTiES - a global perspective
Figure. Weekly hours of domestic work among workers, married or cohabiting, by sex and social class.
30
Weekly hours of domestic work
25
20
15
10
5
0
IMaTGE aCTUalITZaDa -
VErIFICar
I y& II III IV & y V I y & II III IV & V
MEn
WOMEn
References
artazcoz, l., borrell, c., & benach, J. (2001). gender inequalities in health among workers: the relation with family
demands. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 55, 639-647.
artazcoz, l., artieda, l., borrell, c., cortés, i., benach, J., & garcía, v. (2004). combining job and family demands and being
healthy: What are the differences between men and women European Journal of Public Health, 14, 43-48.
Fagan, c., & burchell, b. (2002). Gender, jobs and working conditions in the European Union. luxembourg: office for official
publications of the european communities.
Kalleberg, a. l. (2000). non-standard employment relations: part-time, temporary and contract work. Annual Review of
Sociology, 26, 341-365.
quinlan, m., mayhew, c., & bohle, p. (2001). the global expansion of precarious employment, work disorganization, and
consequences for occupational health: a review of recent research. international. Journal of Health Services, 31, 335-414.
Waldron, i., Weiss, c. c., & hughes, m. e. (1998). interacting effects of multiple roles on women's health. Journal of Health
and Social Behavior, 39, 216-236.
Case study 15. The social context of migrant farmworkers.- toni alterman*
Work involves more than the purchase and sale of physical and mental labour; it is also a type of social engagement
within and across job categories (Krieger et al., 2006). each worker is imbedded in her or his social context, bringing to the
workplace the individual's social position in relation to key societal dimensions such as property, power, class, gender, race,
ethnicity, nationality, and citizenship status. the workplace is a social domain where social relationships within the society
at large are reproduced. Workers are exposed not only to job-specific hazards, but also to hazards within the broader
societal context in which workers live their lives and do their work. these hazards may include racial or ethnic
discrimination (Krieger et al., 2006; Williams, neighbors, & Jackson, 2003).
although there are a number of published studies on ethnic disparities in health (landrine, Klonoff, corral, Fernández,
& roesch, 2006), only a few studies have examined ethnic discrimination among migrant farm workers (holmes, 2006;
alderete, vega, Kolody, & aguilar-gaxiola, 1999). qualitative and quantitative studies have shown that migrant farm workers
in the united states experience stressors such as poverty, social and geographic isolation, language barriers, dangerous
working conditions, unpredictable work, substandard housing, lack of reliable transportation, educational stressors,
exploitation, and feelings of instability due to constantly being uprooted (magaña & hovey, 2003). additional stressors include
worry about socialisation, education, daycare for children, failure to meet high expectations, and immigration status.
migrant workers' ambivalence about leaving the family and feeling the need to migrate to provide financial support was
found to be a predictor of anxiety among recent immigrant latino farmworkers in north carolina (grzywacz et al., 2006).
ethnic discrimination in latinos has been conceptualised as a form of acculturative stress. Findings from
acculturative stress studies are that perceived discrimination is uniquely related to psychological distress when other
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