Employmentweb_low

Fair eMployMent, eMployMent conditions, and cross-cutting axes
journals, among other sources. To this extent, these definitions
reflect discussions among the EMCONET core members and civil
society groups that have elucidated a consensus on a long list of
concepts, and even uncovered some new ones. We only include here
the main definitions of the key employment conditions used in this
book, while many other related concepts can be found in the
glossary in the Appendices.
Full-time permanent employment. Traditionally this term means
a "regular job". In general, the so-called standard employment
relationship has been defined as a full-time job, year-round, with
unlimited duration, and benefits, the basic conditions of which
(working time, pay, social transfers) are regulated to a minimum
level by collective agreement or by labour and/or social security
law'. The full-time nature of the job, its stability, and the social
standards linked with permanent full-time work are the key
elements in this definition. Typically, a full-time employee is
someone who is scheduled to work at least 35 hours per week: work
lasts about eight hours a day, five days a week and forty-eight weeks
of the year with four weeks of paid leave. Often, welfare and
retirement plans will restrict eligibility based on the number of
working hours and full- or part-time status (Bosch, 2004).
Unemployment. The meaning of this important dimension of
employment varies by country. In the UK, for example, there have
been many definitions, changed over time to suit the political
purposes of successive governments. Roughly speaking, the
unemployment rate amounts to the proportion of all those of
working age in a given area who do not have a job and are actively
seeking one. It often leaves out large numbers of people who would
like to work but are prevented from even looking for work, as is the
case for many people with long-term illness who could work if
working conditions were better suited to their needs, or parents who
could work if child care services were adequate (Bartley & Ferrie,
2001).
Precarious employment. This term has been used to signify
employment forms that might reduce social security and stability for
workers. Precarious forms of work have a range, with the standard
of social security provided by a standard (full-time, year-round,
unlimited duration, with benefits) employment contract at one end
and a high degree of precariousness at the other. Precarious
employment might also be considered a multidimensional construct
defined according to dimensions such as temporality,
powerlessness, lack of benefits, and low income (Hadden, Muntaner,
Benach, Gimeno, & Benavides, 2007). Historically, precarious
thai worker about to serve the dishes she
has prepared to diners at her restaurant in
Barcelona (spain).
source: antonio rosa (2004)
11