Employmentweb_low

EmploymEnt, work, and hEalth inEqualitiEs - A globAl peRSpeCTIve
labour market institutions and health outcomes
in Figure A6, we present box plots of population health indicators by labour
market clusters. more egalitarian labour market clusters tend to exhibit better
health outcomes compared to their counterparts in the same position in the
world system. the outstanding exception is potential years of life lost due to
non-communicable diseases (table A6), which shows a positive relationship with
labour market equality, i.e., more labour market equality results in more
potential years of life lost due to communicable diseases.
Bivariate association of percentage of Gnp from informal sector
results from this analysis are shown in table A6. the variable %Gnp from
informal sector is highly significantly correlated with all variables used to construct
the labpov factor score.
to summarise, our analyses of the relationship between labour market indicators
and health revealed that labour market flexibility correlates significantly with maternal
and child health (mcH) indicators; union density was significantly correlated with low
birthweight rate in addition to the mcH indicators that were associated with eplindices;
poverty in the labour market ("labpov') correlated significantly with most
health outcomes in both semi-peripheral and peripheral countries; and inequality in
the labour market "labeq" (gender inequities and employment-population ratio)
correlated significantly with most health outcomes only in peripheral countries.
regarding the analyses of labour market clusters, our core country clusters
of labour markets parallel the welfare state regime types. in core countries, we
supplemented epl-indices (a proxy for flexibility) with union density (a proxy for
security) to better characterise the labour market types. in semi-peripheral
country clusters, the level of industrialisation is the most powerful determining
factor of population health. in peripheral countries, the determining factor is the
stability of the nation-state rather than labour institutions.
table a6. Correlation of the size of informal economy with labour market indicators and factor scores
gnp gEnEratEd From inFormal EConomy, % oF total gnp (iEgnp)
ZEro-ordEr CorrElation
CoEFFiCiEnt
p-ValuE
numbEr oF obsErVations
stlabeq (standardised) -0.0026 0.9791 102
incr1999 0.0126 0.9002 102
incr2003 -0.0678 0.4981 102
lfp1997 0.0152 0.8760 108
lfp2003 -0.0217 0.8236 108
epr1997 0.1080 0.2658 108
epr2003 0.0620 0,5240 108
stlabpov (standardised) 0.6086 0.0000 102
chldl1997 0.3692 0.0001 108
chldl2003 0.3620 0.0001 108
wrkpr1997 0.4249 0.0000 108
wrkpr2003 0.4363 0.0000 108
aveinc1999 -0.6935 0.0000 102
aveinc2003 -0.6916 0.0000 102
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