Employmentweb_low

Fair eMployMent, eMployMent conditions, and social inequality axes
Marmot, 2004). A new impetus in social class research within
epidemiology has been given by the adoption of a class measure in the
UK census of populations (Chandola, Head, & Bartley, 2004). Gradient
indicators usually refer to the ranking of individuals along a continuum
of economic attributes such as income or years of education (Marmot,
2004). These rankings are known as "simple
gradational measures" of socio-economic position
(SEP) (Muntaner, Eaton, Miech, & O'Campo, 2004).
Gradient measures are important predictors of
patterns of mortality and morbidity (Lynch &
Kaplan, 2000; Marmot, 2004). However, despite
their usefulness in predicting health outcomes,
these measures do not reveal the social
mechanisms that explain how individuals come to
accumulate different levels of economic, power and
cultural resources, thus calling for explanations of
health inequalities (Muntaner & Lynch, 1999).
Social class, on the other hand, has a strong truck mechanic in Bonanza (nicaragua) where, today, small
theoretical background in economic and power amounts of gold are extracted from abandoned mines.
relations at work (Wright, 2000). Indicators of source: antonio rosa (2005)
social class represent relations of ownership or
control over productive resources (i.e., physical, financial, and
organisational). Social class has important consequences for the
lives of individuals. For example, the extent of an individual's legal
right and power to control productive assets determines an
individual's abilities to acquire income, and, to a great extent,
income determines the individual's standard of living. Thus, the
class position of "business owner" compels one to hire "workers"
and extract labour from them, while the "worker" class position
compels one to find employment and perform labour for somebody
else. Social class provides an explicit, employment-based,
relational, social mechanism (property, management) that explains
how economic inequalities are generated and how they may affect
health. Therefore, social class is a construct that involves social
relations (being an owner or a worker) and hierarchies (whether a
person is a large or a small employer) that have important
implications for health.
Gender. This is a key cross-cutting social axis that is essential for
understanding why, how, and to what extent different types of
employment conditions are linked to multiple health effects through
multiple risk-factor mechanisms. Gender-based inequity is found across
nations, cultures, religions, and regions of the world at all levels of
society, and explains why women and men come to accumulate different
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