Employmentweb_low

EmploymEnt, work, and hEalth inEqualitiEs - A globAl peRSpeCTIve
Bivariate associations between factors and health outcomes are
calculated by position in the world system (table A4). overall epl score
correlated highly with both epl for regular workers (coef.=0.84; p-
value=0.000) and epl for temporary workers (coef.=0.92; p-value=0.000).
the correlation between epl-regular and epl-temporary was less
pronounced (coef.=0.54; p-value=0.011). the union density was not
significantly associated with any epl values. the two labour market factor
scores, labpov and labeq, were significantly associated with each other
(coef.=0.48; p-value=0.000) only in peripheral countries.
All epl indices and union density are significantly associated with
under-5 mortality rate, infant mortality rate, and neonatal mortality rate in
core countries. in addition, union density is significantly correlated with the
low birthweight rate and potential years of life lost due to communicable
disease. Factor scores, especially labpov, showed highly significant
associations (p-value=0.000) with most health outcomes. in both peripheral
and semi-peripheral countries, labpov factor scores were significantly
associated with longer life expectancy in males and females, healthy life
expectancy (HAle) in males and females, a higher probability of dying (male
and female), higher under-5, infant, neonatal, and maternal mortality rates,
low birthweight rate, more potential years of life lost due to communicable
diseases (both sexes) and fewer potential years of life lost due to noncommunicable
diseases (both sexes). mortality from cancer and injury and
potential years of life lost from injury were significantly correlated with
labpov in peripheral countries only. the labeq factor score in peripheral
countries shows a similar pattern, and is significantly correlated with the
same health outcomes except for low birthweight rate. in semi-peripheral
countries labeq is only correlated significantly with cancer mortality.
in Figure A3 and A4, we illustrate the correlation between male and
female HAle and two factor scores. the distribution of labeq is relatively
more disperse and random compared to labpov. we can see the pattern of
negative correlation between labeq and HAles only in peripheral countries,
and it is still more disperse than the pattern between labpov and HAles, as
would be predicted from table A4.
construction of factor scores and association with health
indicators
we present cronbach's alpha values for measuring the reliability of factors
and loadings of each variable in table A3. All indicators used to construct
factor scores show high factor loadings, and thus high cronbach's alpha
scores, 0.934 and 0.913 for labeq and labpov, respectively.
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