Employmentweb_low

eMployMent relations and health inequalities: pathways and MechanisMs
trends are similar for both women and men, with a steeper drop in both mental and general health among women from
both age groups (results not shown).
these results show significant differences in the levels of mental and general health according to employment
precariousness, showing that this is a significant public health issue, concerning social inequalities, which deserves further
and broader research to inform policy-making with respect to health inequalities.
References
alonso, J., regidor, e., barrio, g., prieto, l., rodriguez, c., & de la Fuente, l. (1998). population-based reference values for
the spanish version of the health survey sF-36. Medicina Clinica, 111, 410-416.
amable, M., benach, J., & gonzález, s. (2001). la precariedad laboural y su repercusión sobre la salud: conceptos y
resultados preliminares de un estudio multimétodos. Archivos de Prevención de Riesgos Labourales, 4, 169-184.
benach, J., & Muntaner, c. (2007). precarious employment and health: developing a research agenda. Journal of
Epidemiology and Community Health, 61, 276-277.
benavides, F. g., benach, J., Muntaner, c., delclos, g. l., catot, n., & amable, M. (2006). associations between temporary
employment and occupational injury: what are the mechanisms Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 63, 416-121.
Ferrie, J. e. (2001). is job insecurity harmful to health Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 94, 71-76.
virtanen, M., Kivimäki, M., Joensuu, M., virtanen, p., elovainio, M., & vahtera, J. (2005). temporary employment and health:
a review. International Journal of Epidemiology, 34, 610-622.
informal employment
relations between informal employment conditions and occupationrelated
health outcomes which may result in health inequalities are
seldom studied. Generally, occupational data are not always available
for the informal economy, or there is lack of quality data in large
demographic and health-related databases. also, the lack of official
statistics on workers in the informal economy, the scattered spatial
distribution of its shops and workers and the uniqueness of
workplaces, such as those which characterise domestic employment,
are all drawbacks for this research. Besides its association with
poverty (which makes it difficult to separate any specific health
effects), other methodological problems are the lack of accepted
standard definitions of informal employment, its large heterogeneity
of occupations, trades, employment arrangements, and health and
safety hazards. research efforts have been qualitative descriptive
case studies (hussain-huq, 1995; holland, 1995; nilvanrangkur et al.,
2006), quantitative (hernández, Zetina, Tapia, ortiz, & soto, 1996;
loewenson, 1998), and community-based surveys comparing
informal workers with formally-hired workers (Bisgrove & Popkins,
1996; santana, loomis, newman, & harlow, 1997; santana & loomis,
2004; ludermir & Melo filho, 2002). available evidence consistently
shows that workers submitted to informal employment relations have
less favourable health indicators than those holding formal jobs
(hernández et al., 1996). These studies, however, do not consider the
heterogeneity of the informal sector, which includes small
entrepreneurs, self-employed workers and salaried workers. Most
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