Potential Effects of Contaminants on Fraser River Sockeye Salmon

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Appendix 2. Reviewer’s Comments and Response to CommentsReviewer #1Report Title: <strong>Potential</strong> <strong>Effects</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Contaminants</strong> on Fraser River Sockeye SalmonReviewer Name: Rick RoutledgeDate: January 3, 20111. Identify the strengths and weaknesses <strong>of</strong> this report.Strengths:1. Extensive screening for potential effects <strong>of</strong> contaminants;2. Sensible use <strong>of</strong> standard methodology (as far as my limited expertise allows meto make such an assessment);3. Balanced assessment <strong>of</strong> knowledge gaps;4. Sensible concluding overview;5. Reasonably well-justified recommendations.Response: No response required.Weaknesses:1. Some apparent inconsistencies in the explanation <strong>of</strong> the methodology;2. An overly lengthy Executive Summary.Response: Agreed. The text was modified to provide a clearer explanation <strong>of</strong>the methodology used in the investigation. In addition, the Executive Summarywas substantially edited to make it more focussed and concise.Please see my comments to the authors for elaboration on these two latter points.Response: Further details on the actions that were taken to address thesecomments are provided under Item 6 below.2. Evaluate the interpretation <strong>of</strong> the available data, and the validity <strong>of</strong> anyderived conclusions. Overall, does the report represent the best scientificinterpretation <strong>of</strong> the available data?Subject to my limited and peripheral expertise, I found the interpretation <strong>of</strong> the data tobe sensible and the conclusions to be based on sound, balanced reasoning. Given myabove-stated limits, I do not feel qualified to conclude that this was the best possiblescientific interpretation <strong>of</strong> the data. In my understanding, the authors used standardmethodology to perform a screening analysis <strong>of</strong> potentially harmful contaminants. Theywere careful to point out major uncertainties associated with such factors as (i) a lack <strong>of</strong>data on endocrine disrupting chemicals and emerging contaminants and (ii) thepotential for cumulative effects through such factors as decreased disease resistance.I also felt that they conveyed an accurate perspective on the inherent limits <strong>of</strong> suchscreening analyses where it is, e.g., typically necessary to extrapolate observationsA-3
obtained on one species, sometimes at substantially different doses, to another, <strong>of</strong>tenconsiderably different species.Response: No response required.Even in far more thoroughly studied problems, such as the potential effects <strong>of</strong> dioxinson human health, experts can disagreeResponse: No response required.3. Are there additional quantitative or qualitative ways to evaluate the subjectarea not considered in this report? How could the analysis be improved?I do not have any suggestions for improving or extending the analysis. The most salientlimiting factor from my perspective is the lack <strong>of</strong> data that could shed more light on theuncertainties described above.Response: Agree. No changed to the text were made to address thiscomment.4. Are the recommendations provided in this report supportable? Do you haveany further recommendations to add?I believe that the recommendations are well supported, and have no further ones toadd. The issue <strong>of</strong> cost will inevitably arise though. Much as they are all desirable,someone will likely have to identify priority items. I would encourage the authors toprovide further, focused commentary that would help in making such identifications.For example, I would presume that there would be a limited suite <strong>of</strong> contaminantsworth looking for in spawning areas like the Horsefly River vs. the rearing habitat forHarrison sockeye. It might also be valuable for them to comment on potential benefitsfrom international collaboration on research to investigate the impacts <strong>of</strong> PBDE’s andother contaminants <strong>of</strong> emerging global concern.Response: Agree. Table 8.1 was added to the document that identified thecontaminants <strong>of</strong> concern in each area <strong>of</strong> interest. This table provides a basisfor focussing monitoring activities on relevant contaminants in each area <strong>of</strong>interest. The concept <strong>of</strong> international collaboration on research oncontaminants <strong>of</strong> emerging concern is a good one. Accordingly, the text <strong>of</strong>Chapter 8 was revised to highlight the need for international collaboration inresearch on the impacts <strong>of</strong> PBDE’s and other emerging contaminants.A-4
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February 2011technical report 2<str
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thresholds), which represent lowest
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Table of ContentsE
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5.5 Summary of the
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List of TablesTabl
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Table 4.17Table 4.18Table 4.19Table
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Table 4.47Table 4.48Table 4.49Table
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Table 6.4Table 8.1Compounds for Nat
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Figure 3.17 Map of
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Figure 5.20 Late Stuart Sockeye Sal
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List of Acronyms2,
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AcknowledgementsThe authors would l
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To assist it in fulfilling this man
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• Development of
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Chapter 2 Geographic and Temporal S
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life history of th
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• Pitt River Area of</str
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Chapter 3 Inventory of</str
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and Paper Mills - Canfor Pulp Limit
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3.1.1.2 Sawmills, Plywood Mills and
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(ENKON Environmental Ltd. 2001). Co
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Effluent toxicity was also included
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2011 for more information on the lo
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facilities identified in Table 3.11
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Inc.), poultry processing facilitie
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• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
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3.1.1.11 Municipal Wastewater Treat
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• Personal care products (fragran
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with oxytetracycline, ormetoprim, a
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In summary, the contaminants that c
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insecticides, such as phorate, terb
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3.1.2.4 Runoff fro
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the substances most amenable to lon
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• Plastic-related compounds (i.e.
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were used in the effects and exposu
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warrants further assessment to dete
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• Data collected for migration co
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Hazard quotients were calculated fo
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Many other substances have the pote
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Chapter 5 Evaluation of</st
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For surface water and sediment, the
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3. For hardness-dependent water qua
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• 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxic equivalents
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concern by area of
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0.05 mg/L; Glew and Hames 1971). As
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least time rearing in freshwater ha
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The results of thi
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Interest and in the South Thompson
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• Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxi
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glycoproteins, polypeptides, peptid
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In-use herbicides in the Fraser Riv
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and home wood heating; Johannessen
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Pulp and paper mills, saw mills, an
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salinity tolerance were significant
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and gonadosomatic index scores were
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the lowest observed effect concentr
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Spitsbergen et al. (1991) reported
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Chakravorty et al. (1992) observed
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observed in saltwater gobies (Chasm
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(See Chapters 4 and 5 for further i
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emoval efficiency of</stron
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point and non-point source discharg
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Location of NatalS
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Nevertheless, it is possible that e
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concern relative to human or enviro
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these substances to aquatic ecosyst
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• Alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs;
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chemicals of poten
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productivity data, it is apparent t
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• Sufficiency - For a cause and e
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infection by various disease agents
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magnitude, and spatial extent <stro
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potential concern were documented a
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pathways and the intensity and exte
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Chilko River, Quesnel River, Nechak
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• The majority of</strong
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7.4.6 Information on Interactive <s
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• Development of
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8.4 Preliminary Evaluation
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8.5 Evaluation of
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the low returns of
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8.9 RecommendationsThis evaluation
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Chapter 9 References CitedAdams, R.
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Braune, B., D. Muir, B. DeMarch, M.
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EIP Associates. 1997. Polychlorinat
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Gallaugher, P. and L. Wood (Eds). P
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Hinch, S.G. and E.G. Martins. 2011.
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Kemble, N.E., D.K. Hardesty, C.G. I
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MacLatchy, D., L. Peters, J. Nickle
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Milston, R.H., M.S. Fitzpatrick, A.
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Peterman, R.M., D. Marmorek, B. Bec
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Smith, D.B., R.A. Zielinski, H.E. T
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USACE (U.S. Army Corps of</
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Walker, M.K., J.M. Spitsbergen, J.R
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Table 2.1. Overview of</str
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Table 2.2. Sampling sites for Early
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Table 2.3. Sampling sites for summe
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Table 2.4. Sampling sites for river
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Table 3.1. Listing of</stro
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Table 3.2. Chemicals of</st
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Table 3.8. Major pipelines transpor
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Table 3.10. Locations of</s
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Table 3.11. Listing of</str
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Table 3.16. List of</strong
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Table 3.17. List of</strong
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Table 3.18. Location of</st
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Table 3.20. Summary of</str
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Table 3.23. Estimated annual contam
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Table 3.28. Inventory of</s
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Table 4.1. Selected toxicity screen
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Table 4.2. Selected toxicity screen
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Table 4.3. Summary of</stro
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Table 4.19. Evaluation of</
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Table 4.32. Frequency of</s
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Table 4.53. Identification
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Table 5.1. Selected toxicity refere
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Table 5.2. Selected toxicity refere
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Table 5.3. Exposure point concentra
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Table 5.9. Hazard quotients <strong
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Table 5.11. Hazard quotients <stron
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Table 5.19. Hazard quotients <stron
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Table 5.23. Mean concentrations <st
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Table 6.2. Effects
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Table 6.3. Field studies of
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Table 6.4. Compounds for National r
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Table 8.1. Inventory of</st
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Figures
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Page 527 and 528: Figure 5.5. Pitt Sockeye Salmon Pro
Page 529 and 530: Figure 5.7. Weaver Sockeye Salmon P
Page 531 and 532: Figure 5.9. Cultus Sockeye Salmon P
Page 533 and 534: Figure 5.11. Portage Sockeye Salmon
Page 535 and 536: Figure 5.13. Fennell Sockeye Salmon
Page 537 and 538: Figure 5.15. Late Shuswap Sockeye S
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Page 545 and 546: Figure 5.23. Bowron Sockeye Salmon
Page 547 and 548: Appendices
Page 549: SW4 Deliverables4.1 The Contractor
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Page 555 and 556: WeaknessesThere is a lot of
Page 557 and 558: Pg 110 Ln 4189 - now called Listene
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Page 563 and 564: 4. Fish processing plants are fewer
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Page 567 and 568: 4. Keyword searches for water quali
Page 569 and 570: A3.5 Contaminant Spill ReportsData
Page 571 and 572: River Pulp, Kamloops Cellulose Fibr
Page 573 and 574: Table A3.1. Water quality stations
Page 575 and 576: Table A3.1. Water quality stations
Page 577 and 578: Appendix 4. Data Treatment and Meth
Page 579 and 580: when multiple samples were reported
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Page 585 and 586: In addition, some sockeye salmon (e
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Page 589 and 590: deBruyn, A.M., H. deBruyn, M.G. Iko
Page 591 and 592: Appendix 5. Data description and so
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Appendix 5. Data description and so
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Appendix 5. Data description and so
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Potential Effects of Contaminants on Fraser River Sockeye Salmon

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