Potential Effects of Contaminants on Fraser River Sockeye Salmon

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Table <strong>of</strong> ContentsExecutive Summary.................................................... iES1.0 Introduction............................................... iES1.1 Inventory <strong>of</strong> Aquatic <strong>Contaminants</strong>.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iES1.2 Preliminary Evaluation <strong>of</strong> Chemicals <strong>of</strong> <strong>Potential</strong> Concern. . . . . . . . . . . . i iES1.3 Detailed Evaluation <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Potential</strong> <strong>Effects</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Contaminants</strong> <strong>of</strong>Concern.................................................. i iES1.4 Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>Effects</strong> <strong>of</strong> Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and<strong>Contaminants</strong> <strong>of</strong> Emerging Concern. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiiES1.5 Uncertainty and Data Gap Analysis.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiiES1.6 Conclusions and Recommendations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i vTable <strong>of</strong> Contents. .................................................... vList <strong>of</strong> Tables........................................................List <strong>of</strong> Figures......................................................List <strong>of</strong> Appendices...................................................i xxvixxiList <strong>of</strong> Acronyms.................................................... xxiiAcknowledgements.................................................xxivChapter 1 Introduction.............................................. 11.0 Background............................................... 11.1 Study Objectives............................................ 21.2 Study Approach............................................ 31.3 Organization <strong>of</strong> this Report.................................... 4Chapter 2 Geographic and Temporal Scope <strong>of</strong> the Investigation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.0 Introduction............................................... 62.1 Life History <strong>of</strong> Fraser River Sockeye Salmon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.2 Sockeye Salmon Conservation Units.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.3 Areas <strong>of</strong> Interest............................................ 92.4 Temporal Scope <strong>of</strong> Study.................................... 1 1Chapter 3 Inventory <strong>of</strong> Aquatic <strong>Contaminants</strong>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 23.0 Introduction.............................................. 1 23.1 Sources and Releases <strong>of</strong> <strong>Contaminants</strong> to Aquatic Ecosystems. . . . . . . . 1 23.1.1 Point Sources. ...................................... 1 33.1.1.1 Pulp and Paper Mills......................... 1 33.1.1.2 Sawmills, Plywood Mills and Particle BoardMills..................................... 1 6v
3.1.1.3 Wood Preservation Facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 73.1.1.4 Cement and Concrete Plants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 83.1.1.5 Seafood Processing Facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 93.1.1.6 Operating and Abandoned Mines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 03.1.1.7 Oil and Gas Developments.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 23.1.1.8 Bulk Storage and Shipping Facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 33.1.1.9 Other Manufacturing Facilities.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 43.1.1.10 Contaminated Sites and Contaminant Spills. . . . . . . . 2 83.1.1.11 Municipal Wastewater Treatment Facilities. . . . . . . . 3 03.1.1.12 Municipal and Industrial Landfills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 23.1.1.13 Salmonid Enhancement Facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 33.1.2 Non-Point Sources. .................................. 3 43.1.2.1 Run<strong>of</strong>f from Forest Management Areas. . . . . . . . . . . 3 43.1.2.2 Run<strong>of</strong>f from Agricultural Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 63.1.2.3 Run<strong>of</strong>f <strong>of</strong> Municipal Stormwater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 83.1.2.4 Run<strong>of</strong>f from Linear Developments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 03.1.3 Atmospheric Sources. ................................ 4 03.1.3.1 Natural Sources <strong>of</strong> Atmospheric Pollutants. . . . . . . . 4 03.1.3.2 Anthropogenic Sources <strong>of</strong> AtmosphericPollutants. ................................ 4 13.2 Aquatic Contaminant Inventory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2Chapter 4 Preliminary Evaluation <strong>of</strong> Chemicals <strong>of</strong> <strong>Potential</strong> Concern. . . . . . . . 4 54.1 Introduction.............................................. 4 54.2 Identification <strong>of</strong> <strong>Potential</strong>ly-Complete Exposure Pathways. . . . . . . . . . . 4 64.3 Selection <strong>of</strong> Toxicity Screening Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 74.4 Evaluation <strong>of</strong> Exposure to Chemicals <strong>of</strong> <strong>Potential</strong> Concern. . . . . . . . . . . 4 94.5 Preliminary Hazard Evaluation................................ 5 14.5.1 <strong>Potential</strong> Risks to Sockeye Salmon Exposed to SurfaceWater. ............................................ 5 24.5.2 <strong>Potential</strong> Risks to Sockeye Salmon Exposed to Sediments...... 5 4Chapter 5 Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>Contaminants</strong> <strong>of</strong> Concern.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 65.0 Introduction.............................................. 5 65.1 Refinement <strong>of</strong> the List <strong>of</strong> <strong>Contaminants</strong> <strong>of</strong> Concern. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 75.2 Selection <strong>of</strong> Toxicity Thresholds for Sockeye Salmon.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 85.3 Estimation <strong>of</strong> Exposure <strong>of</strong> Sockeye Salmon to <strong>Contaminants</strong> <strong>of</strong>Concern................................................. 6 25.4 Evaluation <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Potential</strong> <strong>Effects</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Contaminants</strong> <strong>of</strong> Concern onSockeye Salmon .......................................... 6 35.4.1 <strong>Potential</strong> <strong>Effects</strong> on Sockeye Salmon Associated withExposure to <strong>Contaminants</strong> <strong>of</strong> Concern in Surface Water....... 6 45.4.2 <strong>Potential</strong> <strong>Effects</strong> on Sockeye Salmon Associated withExposure to <strong>Contaminants</strong> <strong>of</strong> Concern in Sediment........... 6 85.4.3 <strong>Potential</strong> <strong>Effects</strong> on Sockeye Salmon Associated withAccumulation <strong>of</strong> <strong>Contaminants</strong> <strong>of</strong> Concern in Fish Tissues..... 6 9vi
Page 1: February 2011technical report 2<str
Page 6 and 7: thresholds), which represent lowest
Page 10 and 11: 5.5 Summary of the
Page 12 and 13: List of TablesTabl
Page 14 and 15: Table 4.17Table 4.18Table 4.19Table
Page 16 and 17: Table 4.47Table 4.48Table 4.49Table
Page 18 and 19: Table 6.4Table 8.1Compounds for Nat
Page 20 and 21: Figure 3.17 Map of
Page 23 and 24: Figure 5.20 Late Stuart Sockeye Sal
Page 25 and 26: List of Acronyms2,
Page 27 and 28: AcknowledgementsThe authors would l
Page 29 and 30: To assist it in fulfilling this man
Page 31 and 32: • Development of
Page 33 and 34: Chapter 2 Geographic and Temporal S
Page 35 and 36: life history of th
Page 37 and 38: • Pitt River Area of</str
Page 39 and 40: Chapter 3 Inventory of</str
Page 41 and 42: and Paper Mills - Canfor Pulp Limit
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• Personal care products (fragran
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with oxytetracycline, ormetoprim, a
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In summary, the contaminants that c
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insecticides, such as phorate, terb
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3.1.2.4 Runoff fro
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the substances most amenable to lon
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• Plastic-related compounds (i.e.
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were used in the effects and exposu
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warrants further assessment to dete
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• Data collected for migration co
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Hazard quotients were calculated fo
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Many other substances have the pote
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Chapter 5 Evaluation of</st
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For surface water and sediment, the
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3. For hardness-dependent water qua
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• 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxic equivalents
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concern by area of
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0.05 mg/L; Glew and Hames 1971). As
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least time rearing in freshwater ha
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The results of thi
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Interest and in the South Thompson
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• Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxi
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glycoproteins, polypeptides, peptid
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In-use herbicides in the Fraser Riv
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and home wood heating; Johannessen
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Pulp and paper mills, saw mills, an
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salinity tolerance were significant
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and gonadosomatic index scores were
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the lowest observed effect concentr
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Spitsbergen et al. (1991) reported
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Chakravorty et al. (1992) observed
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observed in saltwater gobies (Chasm
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(See Chapters 4 and 5 for further i
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emoval efficiency of</stron
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point and non-point source discharg
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Location of NatalS
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Nevertheless, it is possible that e
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concern relative to human or enviro
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these substances to aquatic ecosyst
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• Alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs;
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chemicals of poten
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productivity data, it is apparent t
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• Sufficiency - For a cause and e
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infection by various disease agents
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magnitude, and spatial extent <stro
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potential concern were documented a
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pathways and the intensity and exte
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Chilko River, Quesnel River, Nechak
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• The majority of</strong
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7.4.6 Information on Interactive <s
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• Development of
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8.4 Preliminary Evaluation
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8.5 Evaluation of
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the low returns of
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8.9 RecommendationsThis evaluation
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Chapter 9 References CitedAdams, R.
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Braune, B., D. Muir, B. DeMarch, M.
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EIP Associates. 1997. Polychlorinat
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Gallaugher, P. and L. Wood (Eds). P
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Hinch, S.G. and E.G. Martins. 2011.
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Kemble, N.E., D.K. Hardesty, C.G. I
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MacLatchy, D., L. Peters, J. Nickle
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Milston, R.H., M.S. Fitzpatrick, A.
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Peterman, R.M., D. Marmorek, B. Bec
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Smith, D.B., R.A. Zielinski, H.E. T
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USACE (U.S. Army Corps of</
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Walker, M.K., J.M. Spitsbergen, J.R
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Table 2.1. Overview of</str
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Table 2.2. Sampling sites for Early
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Table 2.3. Sampling sites for summe
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Table 2.4. Sampling sites for river
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Table 3.1. Listing of</stro
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Table 3.2. Chemicals of</st
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Table 3.8. Major pipelines transpor
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Table 3.10. Locations of</s
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Table 3.11. Listing of</str
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Table 3.16. List of</strong
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Table 3.17. List of</strong
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Table 3.18. Location of</st
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Table 3.20. Summary of</str
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Table 3.23. Estimated annual contam
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Table 3.28. Inventory of</s
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Table 4.1. Selected toxicity screen
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Table 4.2. Selected toxicity screen
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Table 4.3. Summary of</stro
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Table 4.19. Evaluation of</
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Table 4.32. Frequency of</s
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Table 4.53. Identification
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Table 5.1. Selected toxicity refere
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Table 5.2. Selected toxicity refere
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Table 5.3. Exposure point concentra
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Table 5.9. Hazard quotients <strong
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Table 5.11. Hazard quotients <stron
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Table 5.19. Hazard quotients <stron
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Table 5.23. Mean concentrations <st
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Table 6.2. Effects
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Table 6.3. Field studies of
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Table 6.4. Compounds for National r
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Table 8.1. Inventory of</st
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Figures
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Figure 5.1. Water Quality Index sco
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Figure 5.3. Fraser River Sockeye Sa
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Figure 5.5. Pitt Sockeye Salmon Pro
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Figure 5.7. Weaver Sockeye Salmon P
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Figure 5.9. Cultus Sockeye Salmon P
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Figure 5.11. Portage Sockeye Salmon
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Figure 5.13. Fennell Sockeye Salmon
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Figure 5.15. Late Shuswap Sockeye S
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Figure 5.17. Chilko Sockeye Salmon
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Figure 5.19. Early Stuart Sockeye S
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Figure 5.21. Stellako Sockeye Salmo
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Figure 5.23. Bowron Sockeye Salmon
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Appendices
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SW4 Deliverables4.1 The Contractor
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obtained on one species, sometimes
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• For substances for which the se
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WeaknessesThere is a lot of
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Pg 110 Ln 4189 - now called Listene
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the potential effects of</s
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A-14
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4. Fish processing plants are fewer
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Appendix 3. Environmental Data Sour
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4. Keyword searches for water quali
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A3.5 Contaminant Spill ReportsData
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River Pulp, Kamloops Cellulose Fibr
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Table A3.1. Water quality stations
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Table A3.1. Water quality stations
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Appendix 4. Data Treatment and Meth
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when multiple samples were reported
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$ Early rearing of
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i) The number of t
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In addition, some sockeye salmon (e
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• Selecting probable effect conce
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deBruyn, A.M., H. deBruyn, M.G. Iko
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Appendix 5. Data description and so
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Potential Effects of Contaminants on Fraser River Sockeye Salmon

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