Potential Effects of Contaminants on Fraser River Sockeye Salmon

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• Monoaromatic hydrocarbons (i.e., BTEX);• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (i.e., individual parent PAHs, alkylatedPAHs, total low molecular weight PAHs, total high molecular weight PAHs,total PAHs);• Petroleum hydrocarbons (oil and grease, diesel range organics, lube oils,alkanes);• Phenolic compounds (i.e., phenol, cresol);• Chlorinated phenolic compounds (i.e., chlorophenols, chloroguaiacols,chlorocatechols);• Polychlorinated biphenyls (total 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxic equivalents, total PCBsas sum <strong>of</strong> congeners, sum <strong>of</strong> homologs, or sum <strong>of</strong> Aroclors);• Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenz<strong>of</strong>urans (total2,3,7,8-TCDD toxic equivalents, 210 congeners);• Resin acids (e.g., abietic acid; see Table 3.28);• Fatty acids (e.g., palmitic acid; see Table 3.28);• Legacy organochlorine pesticides (i.e., aldrin, chlordane, DDTs, dieldrin,endrin, endosulfan, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, HCB, lindane,methoxychlor, nonachlor, toxaphene);• In-use herbicides (i.e., atrazine, 2,4-D, ethalfluralin, glyphosate, mineral oil,paraquat, pendimethalin, picloram, simazine, triallate, triclopyr, trifluralin);• In-use insecticides (i.e., azinphosmethyl, Bacillis thuringiensis, chlorpyrifos,diazinon, endosulfan, malathion, mineral oil, parathion)• In-use fungicides (i.e., captan, chlorothalonil, copper, dazomet, mancozeb,metam, metiram, lime sulphur);• Other pesticides (i.e., formaldehyde, formalin);• Wood preservatives [i.e., creosote, chromated copper arsenate (CCA),ammoniacal copper zinc arsenate (ACZA), pentachlorophenol];• Anti-sapstain chemicals [i.e., didecyldimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC), 3-iodo-2propynyl butyl carbamate (IPBC)];• Surfactants (i.e., alkylphenol ethoxylates, fluorosurfactants);• Fire retardants [i.e., PBDEs (209 congeners and 10 homolog groups), PFOS,PFOA, diammonium sulphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium sulphate,ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate];43
• Plastic-related compounds (i.e., phthalate esters, bisphenol A);• Steroids, hormones, and hormone-mimicking substances (e.g., 17â-estradiol,estrone, 17á-ethinylestradiol, plant sterols, phytoestrogen metabolites; seeTable 3.28);• Pharmaceuticals (antibiotics, antihypertensives, anticonvulsants,antidepressants, anti-acid reflux, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and analgesiccompounds; see Table 3.28);• Personal care products (fragrances, insect repellants, detergents,antimicrobials, fungicides, surfactants, and stimulants; see Table 3.28);• Disinfectants (i.e., bromine, residual chlorine, and iodine), disinfectionbyproducts (e.g., trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids); and,• Nanoparticles.All <strong>of</strong> these substances were considered to be chemicals <strong>of</strong> potential concern in the FraserRiver Basin. Accordingly, these chemicals <strong>of</strong> potential concern were evaluated in thepreliminary assessment <strong>of</strong> the potential effects <strong>of</strong> contaminants on Fraser River sockeyesalmon (Chapter 4).44
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February 2011technical report 2<str
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thresholds), which represent lowest
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Table of ContentsE
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5.5 Summary of the
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List of TablesTabl
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Table 4.17Table 4.18Table 4.19Table
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Table 4.47Table 4.48Table 4.49Table
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Table 6.4Table 8.1Compounds for Nat
Page 20 and 21: Figure 3.17 Map of
Page 23 and 24: Figure 5.20 Late Stuart Sockeye Sal
Page 25 and 26: List of Acronyms2,
Page 27 and 28: AcknowledgementsThe authors would l
Page 29 and 30: To assist it in fulfilling this man
Page 31 and 32: • Development of
Page 33 and 34: Chapter 2 Geographic and Temporal S
Page 35 and 36: life history of th
Page 37 and 38: • Pitt River Area of</str
Page 39 and 40: Chapter 3 Inventory of</str
Page 41 and 42: and Paper Mills - Canfor Pulp Limit
Page 43 and 44: 3.1.1.2 Sawmills, Plywood Mills and
Page 45 and 46: (ENKON Environmental Ltd. 2001). Co
Page 47 and 48: Effluent toxicity was also included
Page 49 and 50: 2011 for more information on the lo
Page 51 and 52: facilities identified in Table 3.11
Page 53 and 54: Inc.), poultry processing facilitie
Page 55 and 56: • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Page 57 and 58: 3.1.1.11 Municipal Wastewater Treat
Page 59 and 60: • Personal care products (fragran
Page 61 and 62: with oxytetracycline, ormetoprim, a
Page 63 and 64: In summary, the contaminants that c
Page 65 and 66: insecticides, such as phorate, terb
Page 67 and 68: 3.1.2.4 Runoff fro
Page 69: the substances most amenable to lon
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Page 75 and 76: warrants further assessment to dete
Page 77 and 78: • Data collected for migration co
Page 79 and 80: Hazard quotients were calculated fo
Page 81 and 82: Many other substances have the pote
Page 83 and 84: Chapter 5 Evaluation of</st
Page 85 and 86: For surface water and sediment, the
Page 87 and 88: 3. For hardness-dependent water qua
Page 89 and 90: • 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxic equivalents
Page 91 and 92: concern by area of
Page 93 and 94: 0.05 mg/L; Glew and Hames 1971). As
Page 95 and 96: least time rearing in freshwater ha
Page 97 and 98: The results of thi
Page 99 and 100: Interest and in the South Thompson
Page 101 and 102: • Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxi
Page 103 and 104: glycoproteins, polypeptides, peptid
Page 105 and 106: In-use herbicides in the Fraser Riv
Page 107 and 108: and home wood heating; Johannessen
Page 109 and 110: Pulp and paper mills, saw mills, an
Page 111 and 112: salinity tolerance were significant
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Page 117 and 118: Spitsbergen et al. (1991) reported
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observed in saltwater gobies (Chasm
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(See Chapters 4 and 5 for further i
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emoval efficiency of</stron
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point and non-point source discharg
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Location of NatalS
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Nevertheless, it is possible that e
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concern relative to human or enviro
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these substances to aquatic ecosyst
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• Alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs;
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chemicals of poten
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productivity data, it is apparent t
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• Sufficiency - For a cause and e
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infection by various disease agents
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magnitude, and spatial extent <stro
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potential concern were documented a
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pathways and the intensity and exte
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Chilko River, Quesnel River, Nechak
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• The majority of</strong
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7.4.6 Information on Interactive <s
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• Development of
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8.4 Preliminary Evaluation
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8.5 Evaluation of
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the low returns of
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8.9 RecommendationsThis evaluation
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Chapter 9 References CitedAdams, R.
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Braune, B., D. Muir, B. DeMarch, M.
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EIP Associates. 1997. Polychlorinat
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Gallaugher, P. and L. Wood (Eds). P
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Hinch, S.G. and E.G. Martins. 2011.
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Kemble, N.E., D.K. Hardesty, C.G. I
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MacLatchy, D., L. Peters, J. Nickle
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Milston, R.H., M.S. Fitzpatrick, A.
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Peterman, R.M., D. Marmorek, B. Bec
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Smith, D.B., R.A. Zielinski, H.E. T
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USACE (U.S. Army Corps of</
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Walker, M.K., J.M. Spitsbergen, J.R
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Table 2.1. Overview of</str
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Table 2.2. Sampling sites for Early
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Table 2.3. Sampling sites for summe
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Table 2.4. Sampling sites for river
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Table 3.1. Listing of</stro
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Table 3.2. Chemicals of</st
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Table 3.8. Major pipelines transpor
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Table 3.10. Locations of</s
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Table 3.11. Listing of</str
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Table 3.16. List of</strong
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Table 3.17. List of</strong
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Table 3.18. Location of</st
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Table 3.20. Summary of</str
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Table 3.23. Estimated annual contam
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Table 3.28. Inventory of</s
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Table 4.1. Selected toxicity screen
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Table 4.2. Selected toxicity screen
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Table 4.3. Summary of</stro
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Table 4.19. Evaluation of</
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Table 4.32. Frequency of</s
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Table 4.53. Identification
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Table 5.1. Selected toxicity refere
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Table 5.2. Selected toxicity refere
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Table 5.3. Exposure point concentra
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Table 5.9. Hazard quotients <strong
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Table 5.11. Hazard quotients <stron
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Table 5.19. Hazard quotients <stron
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Table 5.23. Mean concentrations <st
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Table 6.2. Effects
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Table 6.3. Field studies of
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Table 6.4. Compounds for National r
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Table 8.1. Inventory of</st
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Figures
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Figure 5.1. Water Quality Index sco
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Figure 5.3. Fraser River Sockeye Sa
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Figure 5.5. Pitt Sockeye Salmon Pro
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Figure 5.7. Weaver Sockeye Salmon P
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Figure 5.9. Cultus Sockeye Salmon P
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Figure 5.11. Portage Sockeye Salmon
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Figure 5.13. Fennell Sockeye Salmon
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Figure 5.15. Late Shuswap Sockeye S
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Figure 5.17. Chilko Sockeye Salmon
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Figure 5.19. Early Stuart Sockeye S
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Figure 5.21. Stellako Sockeye Salmo
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Figure 5.23. Bowron Sockeye Salmon
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Appendices
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SW4 Deliverables4.1 The Contractor
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obtained on one species, sometimes
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• For substances for which the se
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WeaknessesThere is a lot of
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Pg 110 Ln 4189 - now called Listene
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the potential effects of</s
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A-14
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4. Fish processing plants are fewer
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Appendix 3. Environmental Data Sour
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4. Keyword searches for water quali
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A3.5 Contaminant Spill ReportsData
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River Pulp, Kamloops Cellulose Fibr
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Table A3.1. Water quality stations
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Table A3.1. Water quality stations
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Appendix 4. Data Treatment and Meth
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when multiple samples were reported
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$ Early rearing of
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i) The number of t
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In addition, some sockeye salmon (e
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• Selecting probable effect conce
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deBruyn, A.M., H. deBruyn, M.G. Iko
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Appendix 5. Data description and so
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Potential Effects of Contaminants on Fraser River Sockeye Salmon

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