the ethnological notebooks of karl marx - Marxists Internet Archive

in com m on and ow n sisters w h o shared their husbands in com m on.4) G ens created a higher structure o f society than before know n. D iemarriage o f unrelated persons created a m ore vigorous stock physicallyand m entally; 2 advancing tribes blended, the new sk u ll and brain wouldwiden and lengthen to the sum o f the capabilities o f both.T h e propensity to pair, n ow so pow erful in the civilised races, also nichtnormal to mankind, but a growth through experience, like all the great passionsu. pow ers o f the mind.Warfare under barbarians — from m ore im proved weapons and strongerincentives — zerstört m ore life als Krieg unter savages. T h e males triebenstets the trade o f fighting; left females in excess; this strengthened theconjugal system created by marriages in the group, retarded the advancementder syndyasmian fam ily. D agegen improvement in subsistence, follow in gthe cultivation o f mai%e u. plants, favored the general advancem ent derfam ily (bei d. Am erican aborigenes) T h e m ore stable such a fam ily, themore its individuality developed. H aving taken a refuge in a communal household,in w hich 2lgroup o f such fam ilies succeeded the punaluan group, it now drewits support from itself, from the household and the gentes to w hich thehusbands and w ives respectively belonged. Syndyasmian fam ily springingup on the confines o f savagery and barbarism, it traversed the M iddleand greater part o f the L ater Period o f barbarism. W d superseded by a lowform o f the monogamian. O vershadow ed b y the conjugal system o f thetimes, it gained in recognition w ith the gradual progress o f society.M . sagt, was oft anwendbar, vo n d. O ld Britons: (in the m iddle status o fbarbarism), “ they seem to have been savages in their brains, while wearing theart apparel o f more advanced tribes.”Iron has been smelted from the ore by a num ber o f A frican tribes, includingthe H ottentots, as far back as our know ledge o f them extends. A fterproducing the metal by rude processes acquired from foreign sources, they have15 succeeded in fabricating | rude instruments and weapons. (463)D . E n tw icklungen müssen studirt werden in areas where the institutionsare homogeneous. Polynesia u. A ustralia best areas for the study o f savagesociety. N orth u. South Am erica for condition o f society in the Lower andM iddle Status o f Barbarism. M . nim m t an “ A sia tic origin o f the Am ericanaborigines” Their advent in Am erica could not have40 resulted from adeliberate migration, but due to the accidents o f the sea, and to the greatocean currents from A sia to the N orthw est coast. (464)M iddle State of barbarism - in 16t century - (splendidly) exemplified by theVillage Indians o f New M exico, M exico, Central Am erica, Granada, Ecuadorand Peru, w ith its advanced arts and inventions, improved architecture, nascentmanufactures and incipient sciences.Upper Status of barbarism - Grecian, Roman, and later on the German tribes.Patriarchalfamily o f the Sem itic tribes belongs to the L ater Period o f Barbarismand remained for a time after the commencement o f civilisation. Chiefs118