the ethnological notebooks of karl marx - Marxists Internet Archive

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3i T h e classes are in pairs v o n brothers u. sisters derived from each other u. d.gentes, verm ittelst der classes, sind auch in pairs, w ie fo lg t:Gentes M ale Female M ale Female/) Iguana a ll are M urri u. M ata oder Kubbi und Kapota2) Em u „ Kumbo u. Buta oder Ippai u. Ippataf ) Kangeroo „ M urri und M ata od. Kubbi u. Kapota4) Bandicoot „ Kumbo u. Buta oder Ippai u. Ippataj ) Opossum „ M urri u. M ata oder Kubbi u. Kapota6) Blacksnake „ Kumbo u. Buta od. Ippai u. IppataT h e connection o f children w ith a particular gens is proven by the law o fmarriage. So Iguana-Mata must marry Kumbo; her children are Kubbi u.Kapota, u. nothw endig Iguana in gens, because descent in the female line.Iguana-Kapota must marry Ippai, her children are M urri u. M ata u. dittoIguana in gens. So Em u-Ippata must marry Kubbi, her children are Kumbou. Buta u. o f the E m u gens. So die gens maintained b y keeping in itsmembership the children o f all its female members. Ebenso mit d.remaining gentes. Each gens is made up th(e)oretically o f 2 supposedfem ale ancestors, and contains 4 o f the 8 classes. W ahrscheinlich ursprünglichnur 2 male u. 2 female classes, set opposite to each other inrespect to the right o f m arriage; and that the 4 afterward subdivided into 8.T he classes evidently as an anterior organisation nachher arranged w ithinthe gentes, not form ed by the subdivision o f the gentes.D a d. Iguana, Kangaroo u. Opossum gentes are counterparts to each other inthe classes they contain, so subdivisions o f an original gens; ebenso andrerseitsE m u, Bandicoot u. Blacksnake; so 2 original gentes mit d. right in each tomarry into the other, but not in itself. D ies confirm ed dch d. fact, dass 1),3), 5) originally nicht intermarry durften unter einander, ebenso w enigw ie 2), 4), 6). W hen the three were one gens intermarriage unter ihnenverboten; dies follow ed the subdivisions, because they w ere o f the samedescent, although under different gentile names. Dasselbe exact gefundenbei den Seneca-Iroquois.D a marriage restricted to particular classes, w hen there w ere but 2 gentes,one h alf o f all the females o f one w ere the w ives o f one h alf o f all themales97 o f the other. A fter their subdivision into 6 the benefit o f marryingout o f the gens was neutralised by the presence o f the classes mitihren restrictions; hence continuous in-and-in marriages, beyond theimmediate degree o f brother and sister.%.B. descents o f Ippai u. Kapota g ivin g to each intermediate pair 2 children,a male and a female, dann:1) Ippai marries Kapota\ their children M urri u. M ata. D ie letztem 2können nicht einander heirathen.2) M urri marries Buta . . . their children: Ippai u. Ippata;M ata marries Kumbo their children: Kubbi u. Kapota;142
j) Ippai marries his cousin Kapota u. Kubbi marries his cousin Ippata; theirchildren are respectively M urri u. M ata u. Kumbo u. Buta; vo n diesen d.M urris marry the Butas, second cousins, etc In this condition the classesnot only intermarry constantly, but are com pelled to do so through thisorganisation upon sex. - T he organisation into classes seems to have beendirected to the single object o f breaking up the intermarriage o f brothers andsisters. - Innovation: allow ing each triad o f gentes to intermarry w ith eachother, to a lim ited extent; and secondly, to marry into classes, not beforeperm itted so Iguana-Murri can now marry M ata in the Kangaroo gens,32 his collateral sister etc Each | class o f males in each triad o f gentes seemsnow to be allow ed one additional class o f females in the 2 remaininggentes o f the same triad, from w hich they w ere before excluded.W herever the middle or low er st
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Among the most important of the mat
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Q U ELLEN UND UNTERSUCHUNGEN ZUR GE
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Printed in the Netherlands by Van G
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CONTENTSForeword.IXIntroductionSect
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ForewordThe conception of this book
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INTRODUCTIONThe ethnological writin
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the other, were deficient in critic
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undertook the wholly empirical stud
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later, of Lubbock.15 The sets of ex
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still, after the institution of gen
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ship; Marx attributed the developme
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-j6 Böckh on population of Attica;
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with the question of caste was rais
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these two opposing sides together,
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without comment (excerpts, p. 8). T
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Grundrisse and in C apital.47 The r
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occasion for a performance of virtu
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signalized by means of the marginal
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Excerpts p. Morgan excerptsMarx’s
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within the contexts of Phear and Ma
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not only accepted this, but rendere
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community by cultural and social hi
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e interpreted ex silentio, by his c
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excerpts, p. 170), who cited as an
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ut against Maine’s extravagance (
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tween the social collectivities are
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conception of science as classifica
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approaches the modern ethnography b
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Man in the civilized condition is f
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The latter98 had inferred that the
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The idea of R. M. Maclver and R. H.
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ethnological thought. It is an anac
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an internally antagonistic creature
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actuality of the relations of the s
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introduction, and that the transiti
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song styles of the Iroquois, Indian
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nature by Marx, in contrast to Hege
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formed as the same, this is a subje
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communal institutions, in the proce
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public, the subjective has not inte
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anarchic individualism and the left
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has virtually disappeared from most
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into commodities arises out of exch
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wüchsige Theilung der Arbeit aus d
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T A B LE VII. The Utilisation by En
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Engels, in his 1888 edition of the
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conceived the process as changing o
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Anti-teleology in nature is interre
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March 8, 1881.161 In a draft which
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that the parts of the notebook B 14
Page 102 and 103: TECHNICAL APPARATUS AND FORMATThe p
Page 104 and 105: practice; occasionally, it is diffi
Page 107 and 108: i Lewis H . Morganr1 “ Ancient So
Page 109 and 110: dar. When discovered, stellten sie
Page 111 and 112: Diese Differenz u. d. specific diff
Page 113 and 114: sich vor 50 Jahren dort etablirten.
Page 115 and 116: Im descriptiven System dagegen d. c
Page 117 and 118: and fem ale cousins, are all withou
Page 119 and 120: w ithin the present century; w idel
Page 121 and 122: iodone on any part. There was no su
Page 123 and 124: grandm other (O c’-sote), grandso
Page 125 and 126: M y grandfather's father's brother
Page 127 and 128: 14 “ D a s M utterrecht” , w o
Page 129 and 130: lived in polygamy; dies nicht the m
Page 131 and 132: in the household; dies gave full fo
Page 133 and 134: described by means o f the primary
Page 135 and 136: II) Intermarriage o f Brothers and
Page 137 and 138: tools passed through form s o fflin
Page 139 and 140: T h e characters on the Copan monum
Page 141 and 142: It was exhibited b y the Village In
Page 143 and 144: manufacture earthen vessels o f man
Page 145 and 146: eigenthum). Breeds o f horses alrea
Page 147 and 148: the L ord doth com mand concerning
Page 149 and 150: originally hereditary in the gens a
Page 151: u. not can intermarry with each oth
Page 155 and 156: tobacco in garden beds, made unleav
Page 157 and 158: praktisch the effects einer decease
Page 159 and 160: Captives w hen adopted w ere often
Page 161 and 162: u. L atin tribes in der relativ sp
Page 163 and 164: u. Beaver gentes also have exchange
Page 165 and 166: opposition vo n Seiten der opposite
Page 167 and 168: interests, strangers in feeling, sc
Page 169 and 170: com m on area. D ies gilt, in the m
Page 171 and 172: control the increasing numbers des
Page 173 and 174: Iroquois, the m ost destructive w o
Page 175 and 176: stockades, lebten von fish u. game,
Page 177 and 178: Mohawk Sachems u. to leave their na
Page 179 and 180: | A m appointed day the Sachems of
Page 181 and 182: was made. The / persons appointed t
Page 183 and 184: several tribes in their confederate
Page 185 and 186: estowed for merit, haben 7 sachems
Page 187 and 188: placed in there from number of word
Page 189 and 190: Gentes: i) Wolf 2) Red Paint 3) Lon
Page 191 and 192: female deity - Go-gome-tha-mä’ (
Page 193 and 194: I ll ) Turkey „ „ i) Turkey 2)
Page 195 and 196: sie rückverwandelt wden in bears,
Page 197 and 198: deren Waffen, implements u. ustensi
Page 199 and 200: der Bund der Iroquois. Jeder tribe
Page 201 and 202: writers, bei ändern gens) D . pueb
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Brasseur de Bourbourg sagt “ near
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died, all the senators called Tecut
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transformed into civis. The re’dt
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sagt: “ Jedes Kind wurde einregis
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of the same deme, did not possess t
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schon Dikaearchus rationalistisch s
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tigkeit des office of βασιλε
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So erstens t(u bemerken: Agamemnon
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military levies which would require
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lieb so bis Ende der athen. Demokra
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into a tribe, was wahrscheinlich h
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Jede Phyle od. District nach an Att
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verarmt, unfähig ihre niedergeb ra
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D ch andre Quellen constatirt dass
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leges connected with them, when he
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dieser change of name would not dis
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Iu. customs, u. preserved in invent
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tudinem roboris f u it ( L iv . /,
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the ultimate decision in criminal c
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Ifreien Römer in 2 Klassen: Aristo
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5 classes, mit some modification of
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Kinder aliens; aber wenn ein(e> Sen
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legend applies gentile usages corre
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guerriers) vocati sint; ita “nati
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Tacit. Germ. VII, wo er von Armeefo
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128 Sir. J . Phear: “ The Aryan V
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weed; hier the people bathe, cleans
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is no share coulter or breast; the
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Krishna (incarnation of Vishnu) wo
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The mass of the ryots who form the
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them being the khatiyan (an account
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xx) character of an agricultural vi
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Puja dalan: die verandah, deren chi
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vestry room) occur; manchmal ist’
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zemindari amla and the headmen of t
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(if he has it not otherwise, by cus
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Talüq = a dependency; Tehsildar or
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asins and i or 2 china plates in th
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146 A 1st class family hat generall
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forest, perhaps never kept by the K
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Obgleich jeder shareholder in the v
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land in ande (ande in terms of rece
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elation “with their (!) lord” ;
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the Malagava, Kandy, dem “learned
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ment; dies was a mere transfer of a
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PART mMARX’S EXCERPTS FROM HENRY
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(“ W ill” ) ; ebenso conception
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only connected with their new tribe
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contains folio 5A : “ Numerous we
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in occidental Europe mehr existirt
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wenn nicht marking an office origin
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lawyers at a later period called th
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oder kaum zu ändern ist von status
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lands. Diese Fuidhirs u. ausserdem
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J74father or kenfine - [Dies W ort
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“plantation of Ulster” the lots
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sehr biassed für descent of proper
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d. tribe etc. wenn getheilt, gleich
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interest in the family property, bu
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describe bodies of co-partners, for
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of Gewalt als origin of Roman u. ot
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the sky ... eine d. ältesten Insti
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xthe right lang aufrecht erhalten i
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literature (see Mr. Dasent) shows t
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D . Gunst der indischen Gesetzgebun
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T^9Näm lich: “ the wife survivin
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dent.” “ T o that superior the
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except one, and by connectingallfor
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Der comfortable Maine glaubt: “ T
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villages which recalcitrated at his
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in many communities, this force has
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iSir John Lubbock: “ The Origin o
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sisters; for the king’s sons neve
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Glauben an d. Reality d. fathers or
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quiera se usa,y por to do se entien
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off the shadows only, not caring fo
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mon people as mortal; as to the int
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Among the North American Indians, i
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Notes to Introduction, p. 2.N O T E
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Notes to Introduction, p. 5et al, L
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Notes to Introduction, p. 6.edition
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Notes to Introduction, p. 7.Noteboo
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Notes to Introduction, p. 7.362In f
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 7-8.cent
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Notes to Introduction, p. ιι.Part
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 12-17.ha
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 30-34.va
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 38-43.of
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Notes to Introduction, p. 43.langua
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 48-51.90
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 59-62.ex
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Notes to Introduction, p. 71.des, 1
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Notes to Introduction, p. 72.family
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Notes to Introduction, p. 72.v. 51,
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 74-77.ec
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Notes to Introduction, p. 77.Karl K
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Notes to Introduction, p. 77.coming
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 80-84.en
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 86-88.an
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 88-89.Th
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Notes to Morgan, pp. 97-113.2 Table
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Notes to Morgan, pp. 120-135.53 Ms.
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Notes to Morgan, pp. 154-174.Morgan
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Notes to Morgan, pp. 183-198.here t
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Notes to Morgan, pp. 210-215.199 bi
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Notes to Morgan, pp. 221-222.227
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Notes to Morgan, p. 241. Notes to P
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Notes to Maine, pp. 288-299.Caesar
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Notes to Maine, pp. 302-312.seiner
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Notes to Maine, pp. 329-335. Notes
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BIBLIOGRAPHYI. M ARX’S BIBLIOGRAP
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American Board in the Sandwich Isla
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Post : “ Anfänge des Staats- u.
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N O T E S T O B IB L IO G R A P H Y
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B l a c k s t o n e , S i r W illia
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F e n t o n , W. N. Seneca Indians
Page 442 and 443:
K a l o e v , B. A . M. M. Kovalevs
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M a r x, K a r l. Das Kapital, v. i
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P u m p h re y, R. J. The Forgotten
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V i o l l e t , P a u l. Le caract
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Acosta, Joseph de (ca. 1539-1600).
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299. 3°2> 3° 4» 3° 5» 3°6, 30
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Jaeger, Werner. (1888-1961). 375.Ob
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Das Kapital (Capital). 5, 6, 16, 19
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Sanchuniathon. 235. Stanihurst, Ric
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Q U E L L E N U N D U N T E R S U C
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