the ethnological notebooks of karl marx - Marxists Internet Archive

stockades, lebten von fish u. game, u. d. products of a limited horticulture. Ihre~TAnzahl nie über 20,000. Precarious subsistence u. incessant warfare repressedI numbers in all the aboriginal tribes, inclus. the Village Indians. T he Iroquoisenshrouded in great forests, then overspreading N ew York. Zuerst sieentdeckt 1608; um i 6j j culminating point ihrer dominion über weiteArea, covering grösseren Theil v. New York, Pennsylvania u. Ohio.[(16j i -/ expelled sie their kindred tribes, d. Eries, von Area ^wischenGenesee river u. Lake Erie, kurz nachher d. Neutral Nations vom Niagarariver, kamen so in Besitz des Rests von N ew York, mit Ausnahme desLow er Hudson u. Long Island)] u. portions of Canada, north o f lake O n­tario. Zur Zeit ihrer Entdeckg waren sie d. highest representatives o fthe Red Race im Norden v. (N e w )129 Mexico in Intelligenz u. advancement,obgleich inferior to the G u lf tribes in arts o f life. Noch 4000 Iroquoisin N ew York, abt 1000 in Canada u. ebenso viel im Westen.Confederation formed about / 400-14J0 (früher nach den generations o fSachems in the history o f David Cusick, 130 a Tuscarora.) The Iroquoislebten - die 5 tribes - in contiguous territories, sprachen einander verständlichedialects derselben Sprache u. hatten certain common gentes inthe several tribes. Andre tribes in selben Umständen, aber d. Iroquois,dch Bildung der confederacy, zeigten ihre superiority. Nach ihrer Saged. confederacy formed dch a council of wise men and chiefs der 5 tribes, meetingfor d. purpose on the north shore of the Onondaga lake, near the site of Syracuse,perfected in ihrer session d. organization u. set in immediate operation.D . origin d. plan zugeschrieben einer traditionary person Hä-yo-wenf-hä,der Hiawatha Longfellow’s. D . formation d. Confederation still celebratedunter ihnen as a masterpiece of Indian wisdom, nach d. Iroquoisselbst bis jetzt ftexistirende Form ihrer Organisation mit kaum irgendeinem change. |47 D. general practices der Iroquois confederacy sind:1 ) A union of j tribes, composed o f common gentes, under one government onthe basis o f equality; jeder tribe remaining independent in allmatters pertaining to local self-government.2) A general Council of Sachems, limited in number, equal in rank u.authority, invested with supreme powers in all matters relating tothe Confederacy.3) jo Sachemships were created and named in perpetuity in certain gentes ofthe several tribes; with power in these gentes to fill vacancies occurring, byelection from among their respective members, u. mit power todepose from office for cause; the right to invest these Sachems with officereserved to the General Council.4) The Sachems o f the Confederacy also Sachems in their respective tribes,and with the Chiefs of these tribes formed the Council of each, whichtribal council supreme over all matters pertaining to the tribe exclusively.165