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the ethnological notebooks of karl marx - Marxists Internet Archive

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Cholulans u. Huexotyincos im Südosten, u. über diese hinaus, d. tribes derTabasco, der Chiapas, u. der Zapotecas (Zapotecs). In diesen verschiednenRichtungen erstreckte sich d. dominion der A^tec Confederacy nicht 100miles beyond <strong>the</strong> valley <strong>of</strong> Mexico u. a portion der surrounding area unzweifelhaftneutral ground trennend d. confederacy von perpetual enemies. Ausdiesen limited materials fabricated <strong>the</strong> Kingdom <strong>of</strong> Mexico der spanischenChroniken, später magnified in d. A^tec Empire <strong>of</strong>101 current history.D. Bevölkerung der valley u. Pueblo <strong>of</strong> Mexico excessiv angeschlagen auf2 jo,ooo Persons; gäbe für □ mile about 160 persons, fst 2 173 mal d. presentaverage population des State <strong>of</strong> New York u. about equal to <strong>the</strong> average population<strong>of</strong> Rhode Island. Sie hatten weder flocks noch herds, noch field agriculture. V onjener Population für Pueblo v. Mexico vielleicht to be assigned 30,000.Phantasiesahlen:Zua%o (visiting Mexico in i j 2 i giebt ihm 60,000 Einwohner,ebenso der Anonymous Conqueror, who accompanied Cortes (H. Ternaux-Compans, X , 92); Gomora u. Martyr verwandeln d. 60,000 Einwohner in60.000 Häuser u. dies angenommen dch Clavigero, Herrera u. last, Prescott(“ Conquest <strong>of</strong> Mexico” ) Solis macht aus d. 60,000 Einwohner - des Zue^o -60.000 families, würde geben population o f 300,000, whd London damalsnur i4J,ooo Einw. hatte (Blacks London). Torquemada, cited by Clavigero,macht aus 60,000 houses - 120,000! The houses in Pueblo <strong>of</strong> Mexico werezweifelsohne in general large communal or joint-tenement houses wie die inNeu-Mexico zur selben Period, gross genug zu accom(m)odirsn von 10 bisjo u. 100 families in each.D. A^tec confederacy - in plan and symmetry - unter der der Iroquois.D . Pueblo <strong>of</strong> Mexico war largest in America; romantisch gelegen mitten ineinem künstlichen See, large joint-tenement houses plastered over mit gypsum,wdch sie brillant weiss, schlug es v. weitem span. Imagination; henced. extravagance o f opinion.Bei d. Aztecs found: ornamental gardens, magazines <strong>of</strong> weapons u. militarycostumes, improved apparel, manufactured fabrics <strong>of</strong> cotton o f superior workmanship,inproved implements u. ustensils u. increased variety <strong>of</strong> food;picturewriting, mainly to indicate <strong>the</strong> tribute in kind every subjugated village hadto pay (<strong>the</strong>se tributes enforced mit system u. rigour o f execution weremanufacturedfabrics u. horticultural products); a calendar for measuring time,open markets for barter <strong>of</strong> commodities, ferner Administrative <strong>of</strong>fices to meet<strong>the</strong> demands <strong>of</strong> a growing municipal life; priesthood, with a temple worshipu. a ritual including human sacrifices. Office <strong>of</strong> head war-chief had risen intoincreased importance etc.I. Gentes u. PhratriesSpanish writers (contemporär d. Erobng) sahen d. A^tec Gentes nicht;aber for more than 200 years sahen d. Anglo-Americans sie nicht bei d.Iroquois; sie bemerkten früh Existenz <strong>of</strong> clans mit besdrn Thiernamen,aber nicht als social unit, w f tribe u. confederacy aufgebaut. Herrera (etc)spricht <strong>of</strong> a “ kindred” als o f group (gens) u. “ lineage” (dies phratry bei einigen190

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