the ethnological notebooks of karl marx - Marxists Internet Archive

nach Abzug der Government lands u. der lands held on tenure of serviceto Government. Offenbar waren private seignior und the vihara headshipschon verschwunden vor d. Dutch. (219, 220)3 September 1801 durch Proclamation d. obligation to service on tenure of landin d. maritime provinces abgeschafft (do von 1 Mai 1802) u. solches Landunterworfen to payment to Gvt of V10 des produce if highland, x/5 of produceif lowland. Zugleich the payment of x/4 of the produce für Mallapalla, Nillapalla,Ratninda or Ande lands reserved. (220) Obgleich so d. obligation toservice divorced from land, ward dem Governor the power reserved toexact it by special order von persons aller castes u. conditions for adequate payto be given therefore. D. exigencies of the Kandyan war gaben dem Gvtdann den Vorwand to renew a general claim to the services of the people, nichtmit Bezug auf Grundbesitz, sondern of custom and caste, payment to bemade at rates fixed by Gvt; 1809 wde Wegbau zu gratuitous service gemacht,lying on the inhabitants des Districts through which they passed. (221)Diese enactments applied nur to the maritime provinces acquired vond. Dutch. 18 1 j erhielten d. Britishers dch conquest u. treaty auch d.Government of the Central or Kandyan province, bis dahin solely under theadministration der native powers. 1818, dch Proclamation von 21 N o­vember, alle duties bis dahin payable in royal storehouse, treasury, orarsenal, u. alle ändern duties u. taxes abgeschafft, ersetzt dch tax of1/10 of theproduce on paddy lands, reduced to x/14 in certain specified Korles. (221, 222)Zugleich die services due in respect of service tenure lands (auf welchegrade die neue Tax fiel) retained, obgleich stipulated that the servicesgenerally should be paid for at an established rate; aber repair u. making ofroads, wie in d. maritime provinces, gratuitous service gemacht. (222)Dch Proclamation v. 2 1 Nov. 1818 auch d. liability of certain inhabitantsof temple lands to perform service to Gvt also retained. (I.e.)Auf Report v. 24 December 1831 des L t. Colonel Colebrooke, (nämlich dieseru. Mr. Cameron waren commissioned wden die Administration vonCeylon to inquire into) an Order of Council d. cl. 12 A p ril 1832 erklärte,dass Niemand of His M’s native or Indian subjects in island liable to renderany service in Bezug auf ihre land tenure, oder wegen ihrer Caste od. sonstwiezu welcher d. subjects of European birth were not liable. Aber auch dieseProklamation enthielt the reservation of services to the crown of holders of landin royal villages in the Kandyan province u. dasselbe for vihara u. private ownersin the same province. (I.e.)According to Ribeyro, Knox u. 1Yalentyn2* in the Portuguese u. earlier timesthere was almost no money in the country. A ll trade which was not aCrown monopoly was effected by barter. Paddy was the commodity whichcommonly filled the place of coin. Die meisten presents which accompanied allservice, took the form of paddy, and nearly all obligations by the way ofremuneration or duty were discharged by a measure of grain drawn from thecontents of the threshing floor at harvest. (225) Von dem librarian of280