the ethnological notebooks of karl marx - Marxists Internet Archive

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later period, derived von d. localities, sondern formed ohne Ausnahme v. Gesch(Jech')ternamenwie Camilii, Galerii, Lemonii, Pollii, Pupinii, Voltinii,Aemilii, Cornelii, Fabii, Horatii, Menenii, Papirii, Romilii, Sergii, Voturii ” 22sJede gens hielt an independent district u. was localised upon it. (Aber auch /»Rom selbst gentes localised in separate areas.)Mommsen sagt ferner:“ Wieyft&r Haushalt seine eigne Portion Land hatte, so d. ^»-household(das wohl nicht d. W ort bei Mommsen) or village, had clan lands belongingto it ... were managed up to a comparatively late period after85 the analogy (!) ojhouse-lands, that is, on the system ojcommon | possessions ...These clanships jedoch von Anfang an nicht betrachtet als unabhängigeGesellscften, sondern als integral parts of a political community {civitas popult).This first presents itself as an aggregate of a number of clanvillages of the samestock, language and manners, bound to mutual observance o f law and mutuallegal redress and to united action in aggression and redress.” 229 Mommsenrepresents the Latin tribes anterior to the foundation of Rome as holdinglands by households, gentes u. by tribes, zeigt the ascending series of socialorganisations in the tribes, ganz parallel230 to d. Iroquois - gens, tribe, confederacy.Phratry nicht mentioned. The household referred to could scarcely have been asingle family, wahrs (chein)lich composed of related families occupying a jointtenementhouse u. practicirend communism in living in the household,ad 6). Erstes feature des gentilism - dependence der gentiles upon each other forthe protection of personal rights, verschwindet zuerst, sobald civitasgegründet, w o jeder Bürger sich für Protection an law u. State wendet;kann in historischer Periode nur noch in remains gefunden wden beiRömern.A bt 432 B .C . Appius Claudius in prison geworfen. Aber Livius V I, 20:“ Ap. Claudio in vinculo due to, C. Claudium inimicum (des Appius CI.)Claudiamque omnem gentem sordidatum (in mourning Kleidern) fuisse” 2*1W hd d. 2t punischen Kriegs, bemerkt Niebuhr verbanden sich d. gentes toransom ihre in Gefangenscft befindlichen Genossen; der Senat verbot's ihnen;nach selbem Niebuhr gens verpflichtet ihren indigent gentiles beizustehen; ercitirt dafür Dionysius: II, 10 “ εδει τούς πελάτας των άναλωμάτων ωςI / / / 9 9 9Ί 9τους γενει προσηκοντας μετεχειν.ad 7) Zuletzt d. persons unmöglich geworden to trace their descent back tothe founder. Niebuhr (auf diesem abgeschmackten Grund sich stützend)läugnet d. Existenz irgendwelcher Blutverwandtscft in a gens, weil sie nichtbeweisen konnten a connection through a common ancestor; dana(c)h gens biosfictitious organization—Nachdem descent von female to male line changed, d. Namen d. gentes, whsclichtaken v. animals, gave place to personal names. Irgdein Individuum, berühmtin d. Tradit. Geschichte der gens, ward its eponymous ancestor u. diese Person,nicht unlikely, at long intervals wieder ersetzt dch andre. Theilte sich a gensin Flge von lokaler Separation, so one division apt to take a new name;222
dieser change of name would not disturb the kinship w(orau)f d. gens begründet...Nur auf einem Weg adulteration of gentile descent - durchAdoption. Dies nicht häufig__ In an Iroquois gens of 500 persons -gens coming in with a system of consanguinity reducing all consanguinei to asmall number of categories, and retaining their descendants indefinitely inthe same - all its members related to each other and each person knows orcan find its relationship to the other; so that the fact of kin was perpetuallypresent in archaic gens. Mit monogamian Ehe came in a totally different systemof consanguinity, worin d. relationships 3wischen- collateral/ rasch disappeared.Dies System d. Greek u. Latin tribes bei Beginn d. historischen Periode.1 Grote, History of Greece. Ill, 33, 36, erzählt: Cleisthenes of Argos changedI the names of the 3 Dorian tribes of Sicyon, einen in Hyatae (im singular:I a boar), 2ten in Oneatae (an ass), 3d to Choereatae, {littlepig); dies intended asinsult gegen d. Sicyonians, blieben ihnen während seiner Lebzeit u. 60Jahre später. “Did the idea of these animal names come down throughI tradition?” 233Nach Beginn des Verfalls der gentilen Organisation, hört auf neue Geschlechterbildgdch d. process of segmentation; andre existirende died out. This tended toenhance the value of a gentile descent as a lineage. Zur Zeit d. Kaiserthumsetablirten f
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Among the most important of the mat
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Q U ELLEN UND UNTERSUCHUNGEN ZUR GE
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Printed in the Netherlands by Van G
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CONTENTSForeword.IXIntroductionSect
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ForewordThe conception of this book
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INTRODUCTIONThe ethnological writin
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the other, were deficient in critic
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undertook the wholly empirical stud
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later, of Lubbock.15 The sets of ex
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still, after the institution of gen
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ship; Marx attributed the developme
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-j6 Böckh on population of Attica;
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with the question of caste was rais
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these two opposing sides together,
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without comment (excerpts, p. 8). T
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Grundrisse and in C apital.47 The r
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occasion for a performance of virtu
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signalized by means of the marginal
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Excerpts p. Morgan excerptsMarx’s
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within the contexts of Phear and Ma
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not only accepted this, but rendere
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community by cultural and social hi
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e interpreted ex silentio, by his c
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excerpts, p. 170), who cited as an
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ut against Maine’s extravagance (
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tween the social collectivities are
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conception of science as classifica
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approaches the modern ethnography b
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Man in the civilized condition is f
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The latter98 had inferred that the
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The idea of R. M. Maclver and R. H.
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ethnological thought. It is an anac
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an internally antagonistic creature
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actuality of the relations of the s
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introduction, and that the transiti
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song styles of the Iroquois, Indian
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nature by Marx, in contrast to Hege
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formed as the same, this is a subje
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communal institutions, in the proce
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public, the subjective has not inte
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anarchic individualism and the left
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has virtually disappeared from most
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into commodities arises out of exch
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wüchsige Theilung der Arbeit aus d
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T A B LE VII. The Utilisation by En
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Engels, in his 1888 edition of the
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conceived the process as changing o
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Anti-teleology in nature is interre
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March 8, 1881.161 In a draft which
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that the parts of the notebook B 14
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TECHNICAL APPARATUS AND FORMATThe p
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practice; occasionally, it is diffi
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i Lewis H . Morganr1 “ Ancient So
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dar. When discovered, stellten sie
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Diese Differenz u. d. specific diff
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sich vor 50 Jahren dort etablirten.
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Im descriptiven System dagegen d. c
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and fem ale cousins, are all withou
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w ithin the present century; w idel
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iodone on any part. There was no su
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grandm other (O c’-sote), grandso
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M y grandfather's father's brother
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14 “ D a s M utterrecht” , w o
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lived in polygamy; dies nicht the m
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in the household; dies gave full fo
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described by means o f the primary
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II) Intermarriage o f Brothers and
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tools passed through form s o fflin
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T h e characters on the Copan monum
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It was exhibited b y the Village In
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manufacture earthen vessels o f man
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eigenthum). Breeds o f horses alrea
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the L ord doth com mand concerning
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originally hereditary in the gens a
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u. not can intermarry with each oth
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j) Ippai marries his cousin Kapota
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tobacco in garden beds, made unleav
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praktisch the effects einer decease
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Captives w hen adopted w ere often
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u. L atin tribes in der relativ sp
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u. Beaver gentes also have exchange
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opposition vo n Seiten der opposite
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interests, strangers in feeling, sc
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com m on area. D ies gilt, in the m
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control the increasing numbers des
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Iroquois, the m ost destructive w o
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stockades, lebten von fish u. game,
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Mohawk Sachems u. to leave their na
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| A m appointed day the Sachems of
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Page 183 and 184: several tribes in their confederate
Page 185 and 186: estowed for merit, haben 7 sachems
Page 187 and 188: placed in there from number of word
Page 189 and 190: Gentes: i) Wolf 2) Red Paint 3) Lon
Page 191 and 192: female deity - Go-gome-tha-mä’ (
Page 193 and 194: I ll ) Turkey „ „ i) Turkey 2)
Page 195 and 196: sie rückverwandelt wden in bears,
Page 197 and 198: deren Waffen, implements u. ustensi
Page 199 and 200: der Bund der Iroquois. Jeder tribe
Page 201 and 202: writers, bei ändern gens) D . pueb
Page 203 and 204: Brasseur de Bourbourg sagt “ near
Page 205 and 206: died, all the senators called Tecut
Page 207 and 208: transformed into civis. The re’dt
Page 209 and 210: sagt: “ Jedes Kind wurde einregis
Page 211 and 212: of the same deme, did not possess t
Page 213 and 214: schon Dikaearchus rationalistisch s
Page 215 and 216: tigkeit des office of βασιλε
Page 217 and 218: So erstens t(u bemerken: Agamemnon
Page 219 and 220: military levies which would require
Page 221 and 222: lieb so bis Ende der athen. Demokra
Page 223 and 224: into a tribe, was wahrscheinlich h
Page 225 and 226: Jede Phyle od. District nach an Att
Page 227 and 228: verarmt, unfähig ihre niedergeb ra
Page 229 and 230: D ch andre Quellen constatirt dass
Page 231: leges connected with them, when he
Page 235 and 236: Iu. customs, u. preserved in invent
Page 237 and 238: tudinem roboris f u it ( L iv . /,
Page 239 and 240: the ultimate decision in criminal c
Page 241 and 242: Ifreien Römer in 2 Klassen: Aristo
Page 243 and 244: 5 classes, mit some modification of
Page 245 and 246: Kinder aliens; aber wenn ein(e> Sen
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Page 249 and 250: guerriers) vocati sint; ita “nati
Page 251 and 252: Tacit. Germ. VII, wo er von Armeefo
Page 254 and 255: 128 Sir. J . Phear: “ The Aryan V
Page 256 and 257: weed; hier the people bathe, cleans
Page 258 and 259: is no share coulter or breast; the
Page 260 and 261: Krishna (incarnation of Vishnu) wo
Page 262 and 263: The mass of the ryots who form the
Page 264 and 265: them being the khatiyan (an account
Page 266 and 267: xx) character of an agricultural vi
Page 268 and 269: Puja dalan: die verandah, deren chi
Page 270 and 271: vestry room) occur; manchmal ist’
Page 272 and 273: zemindari amla and the headmen of t
Page 274 and 275: (if he has it not otherwise, by cus
Page 276 and 277: Talüq = a dependency; Tehsildar or
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Page 280 and 281: 146 A 1st class family hat generall
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forest, perhaps never kept by the K
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Obgleich jeder shareholder in the v
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land in ande (ande in terms of rece
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elation “with their (!) lord” ;
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the Malagava, Kandy, dem “learned
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ment; dies was a mere transfer of a
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PART mMARX’S EXCERPTS FROM HENRY
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(“ W ill” ) ; ebenso conception
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only connected with their new tribe
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contains folio 5A : “ Numerous we
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in occidental Europe mehr existirt
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wenn nicht marking an office origin
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lawyers at a later period called th
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oder kaum zu ändern ist von status
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lands. Diese Fuidhirs u. ausserdem
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J74father or kenfine - [Dies W ort
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“plantation of Ulster” the lots
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sehr biassed für descent of proper
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d. tribe etc. wenn getheilt, gleich
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interest in the family property, bu
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describe bodies of co-partners, for
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of Gewalt als origin of Roman u. ot
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the sky ... eine d. ältesten Insti
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xthe right lang aufrecht erhalten i
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literature (see Mr. Dasent) shows t
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D . Gunst der indischen Gesetzgebun
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T^9Näm lich: “ the wife survivin
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dent.” “ T o that superior the
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except one, and by connectingallfor
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Der comfortable Maine glaubt: “ T
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villages which recalcitrated at his
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in many communities, this force has
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iSir John Lubbock: “ The Origin o
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sisters; for the king’s sons neve
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Glauben an d. Reality d. fathers or
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quiera se usa,y por to do se entien
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off the shadows only, not caring fo
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mon people as mortal; as to the int
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Among the North American Indians, i
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Notes to Introduction, p. 2.N O T E
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Notes to Introduction, p. 5et al, L
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Notes to Introduction, p. 6.edition
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Notes to Introduction, p. 7.Noteboo
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Notes to Introduction, p. 7.362In f
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 7-8.cent
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Notes to Introduction, p. ιι.Part
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 12-17.ha
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 30-34.va
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 38-43.of
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Notes to Introduction, p. 43.langua
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 48-51.90
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 59-62.ex
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Notes to Introduction, p. 71.des, 1
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Notes to Introduction, p. 72.family
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Notes to Introduction, p. 72.v. 51,
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 74-77.ec
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Notes to Introduction, p. 77.Karl K
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Notes to Introduction, p. 77.coming
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 80-84.en
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 86-88.an
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Notes to Introduction, pp. 88-89.Th
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Notes to Morgan, pp. 97-113.2 Table
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Notes to Morgan, pp. 120-135.53 Ms.
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Notes to Morgan, pp. 154-174.Morgan
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Notes to Morgan, pp. 183-198.here t
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Notes to Morgan, pp. 210-215.199 bi
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Notes to Morgan, pp. 221-222.227
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Notes to Morgan, p. 241. Notes to P
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Notes to Maine, pp. 288-299.Caesar
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Notes to Maine, pp. 302-312.seiner
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Notes to Maine, pp. 329-335. Notes
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BIBLIOGRAPHYI. M ARX’S BIBLIOGRAP
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American Board in the Sandwich Isla
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Post : “ Anfänge des Staats- u.
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N O T E S T O B IB L IO G R A P H Y
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B l a c k s t o n e , S i r W illia
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F e n t o n , W. N. Seneca Indians
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K a l o e v , B. A . M. M. Kovalevs
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M a r x, K a r l. Das Kapital, v. i
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P u m p h re y, R. J. The Forgotten
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V i o l l e t , P a u l. Le caract
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Acosta, Joseph de (ca. 1539-1600).
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299. 3°2> 3° 4» 3° 5» 3°6, 30
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Jaeger, Werner. (1888-1961). 375.Ob
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Das Kapital (Capital). 5, 6, 16, 19
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Sanchuniathon. 235. Stanihurst, Ric
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Q U E L L E N U N D U N T E R S U C
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