the ethnological notebooks of karl marx - Marxists Internet Archive

small portion. Starb a wife, leaving husband and children, so ihre effectsgeerbt v o n ihren Kindern, Schwestern, M utter u. Mutterschwestern; d. greaterportion assigned to her children; in jedem Fall blieb property in der gens.U nter d. Ojibwas d. effects der M utter vertheilt unter ihren Kindern,w enn alt genug to use them ; sonst, od. in default o f children, they wentto her sisters, ihrer M utter u. Mutterschwestern, to the exclusion of her brothers.O bgleich d. Ojibwas had changed descent to the male line, the inheritancefollowed the rule which prevailed when descent was in the fem ale line.D . variety u. amount o f property grosser als in savagery, aber noch nicht starkgenug to develop a strong sentiment in relation to inheritance.In d. distributions modus germ d. 2nd great rule o f inheritance, which gave theproperty to the agnatic kindred to the exclusion o f the remaining gentiles. A gn a­tion and agnatic kindred assume jetzt descent in the male line. Princip selberin beiden cases, aber the persons included - different. M it descent in thefemale line, agnates Personen w ho can trace their descent through females23 exclusively vo n | same com m on ancestor w ith the intestate; im ändernFall, w h o can trace their descent dch males exclusively. I t is the bloodconnection o f persons within the gens by direct descent, in a given line, vom selbencommon ancestor w hich lies at the foundation o f agnatic relation.G egen w ärtig unter advanced Indian tribes hat begun sich zu manifestrepugnance ggen gentile inheritance, einige haben sie ganz über B ord gew orfenu. exclusive inheritance in children substituirt. E vidence o f this repugnanceunter Iroquois, Creeks, Cherokees, Choctas, Menominees, Crows u. Ojibwas.In dieser älteren Periode o f barbarism sehr bdtende Abnahme o f cannibalism;w de aufgegeben als common practice; blieb als war practice in dieser u. d.M iddle Period. In dieser Form w ard Cannibalism gefunden in d. principaltribes der U .S t., M exico, u. Central Am erica. E rw erbung v. farinaceousfood H a(u)ptm ittel to extricate m ankind vo n this savage custom.I) u. II) status o f savagery u. Lower Status o f Barbarism, diese 2 ethnischePerioden, cover mindestens 4/5 der ganzen Existenz der M enschheit aufder Erde.Im L ow er Status beginnen d. higher attributes o f mankind sich zu entwickeln : Persönliche Würde, Beredsamkeit, religious sensibility, rectitude, manlinessu. courage je t^ t common traits o f character, aber auch Grausamkeit,treachery, u. fanaticism . Elem ent worship in religion, w ith a dim conception o fpersonal gods, and o f a Great Sp irit, rude verse making, joint-tenement houses,and bread from mai^e belong to this period. It produced also syndyasmianfam ily u. confederacy o f tribes, organised into phratries u. gentes. D . imagination,that great faculty so largely contributing to the elevation o f mankind,was now producing an unwritten literature o f myths, legends u. traditions, alreadybecom e pow erful stimulus upon the race.III. Property in the M iddle Status o f Barbarism.D . E vidence dieser Periode more com pletely lost than that o f any other.130