13.07.2015 Views

the ethnological notebooks of karl marx - Marxists Internet Archive

the ethnological notebooks of karl marx - Marxists Internet Archive

the ethnological notebooks of karl marx - Marxists Internet Archive

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

Notes to Introduction, pp. 80-84.entirely new relation <strong>of</strong> Morgan to <strong>the</strong> Fourierists in <strong>the</strong> UnitedStates, having taken Engels’ intention in a way that has no support;it appears from Engels only that Fourier had anticipated Morgan inmany things. “Fouriers Kritik der Zivilisation tritt erst durchM[organ] in ihrer ganzen Genialität hervor.” (Engels, letter to Kautsky,April 26, 1884. See no. 147).Engels had written to Kautsky moreover (I.e.), “Morgan hatdie Marxsche materialistische Geschichtsanschauung in den durchseinen Gegenstand gebotenen Grenzen selbständig neu entdeckt undschliesst für die heutige Gesellschaft mit direkt kommunistischenPostulaten ab.” Bernstein sought to correct this extreme judgment<strong>of</strong> Engels, but was caught in a contradiction by an attempt to provetoo much. The socialist writings at <strong>the</strong> end <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> nineteenth andbeginning <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> twentieth centuries, in which Heinrich Cunow tookpart, later modified Engels’ judgment regarding Morgan. Bernsteindid not show full understanding <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> issues or <strong>the</strong> method for <strong>the</strong>iranalysis. See above, n. 128.155 Morgan, op. cit., pp. 537, 561-562.156 Marx, Ökonomisch-Philosophische Manuskripte, M EGA, v. 1, pt. 3,p. 156.157 Cf. Marx, letter to Engels, June 18, 1862. MEW 30, p. 249; “Mit demDarwin, den ich wieder angesehn, amüsiert mich, dass er sagt, erwende die ‘Malthussche’ Theorie auch auf Pflanzen und Tiere an, alsob bei Herrn Malthus der Witz nicht darin bestände, dass sie nichtauf Pflanzen und Tiere, sondern nur auf Menschen - mit der geometrischenProgression - angewandt wird im Gegensatz zu Pflanzenund Tiere. Es ist merkwürdig, wie Darwin unter Bestien und Pflanzenseine englische Gesellschaft mit ihrer Teilung der Arbeit, Konkurrenz,Aufschluss neuer Märkte, ‘Erfindungen’ und Malthusschem‘Kampf ums Dasein’ wiedererkennt. Es ist Hobbes’ bellum omniumcontra omnes, und es erinnert an Hegel in der ‘Phänomenologie’, wodie bürgerliche Gesellschaft als ‘geistiges Tierreich’, während beiDarwin das geistige Tierreich als bürgerliche Gesellschaft figuriert.”Marx and Engels had dealt with <strong>the</strong> bürgerliche Gesellschaft in <strong>the</strong>Heilige Familie as a transition from Hegel’s civil society to <strong>the</strong> bourgeoissociety which was criticized in <strong>the</strong>ir Communist Manifesto.George Lich<strong>the</strong>im has briefly characterized Hegel’s organismic philosophy<strong>of</strong> nature as anti-mechanicist, linked ‘to <strong>the</strong> concept <strong>of</strong>society as a living entity.’ (Cf. Hegel, Phenomenology <strong>of</strong> Mind, J. B. Baillie,tr., 1967, George Lich<strong>the</strong>im’s Introd., p. xxvi.) While we can agreewith <strong>the</strong> first part <strong>of</strong> Lich<strong>the</strong>im’s conception, <strong>the</strong> second must befur<strong>the</strong>r discussed. The matter is fur<strong>the</strong>r complicated by Baillie’stranslation <strong>of</strong> Hegel’s phrase, das geistige Tierreich, as ‘Self-containedindividuals associated as a community <strong>of</strong> animals’ (ib., p. 417), whichobscures Hegel’s meaning, moreover missing <strong>the</strong> point brought outby Marx’s comment (cf. Hegel, Phänomenologie, op cit., p. 285).392

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!