the ethnological notebooks of karl marx - Marxists Internet Archive

Alle, wie ihre nördlichen Nachbarn, Etrusker, organized in gentes.Zur Zeit v. Rom's Stiftg (abt yjß B.C.) had become agricultural mitflocks of domestic animals, monogamian family, confederacy in form ofLeague. - The Etruskan tribes confederated.D . Latin tribes, possessed o f numerous fortified towns u. country strongholds,spread over the surface of the country for agricultural purposes.Unter d. institutions der Latin tribes bei Beginn der historischen Periode:82 gentes, curiae u. tribes. Latin gentes | of same lineage, Sabine u. other gentescognate, except Etruscans. Zur Zeit d. Tarquinius Priscus, 4ter von Romulus,the organisation brought to a numerical scale; 10 gentes to curia, 10 curiae toa tribe, 3 tribes, giebt 30 curiae u. 300 gentes.Statt confederacy of tribes, composed of gentes od. occupying separate territoriesmakes Romulus them concentrate u. coalesce in one city; dies worked outin 5 generations. A u f u. um Mons Palatinus vereinigte Romulus 100gentes,organised as a tribe, die Ramnes; dann large body of Sabines added, derengentes, nachher increased to 100, organized as a 2nd Tribe, Tities; (angeblichaufQuirinat); unter Tarquinius Priscus ßd tribe, Luceres, 100 gentes drawnfrom the surrounding tribes, inclus. Etruscans. - Senate (Council o f Chiefs),comitia cur(i)ata (assembly of the people) u. military commander {rex). UnterServius Tullius wde Senat “ patrician” , patrician rank being conferred uponits members u. their posterity; ddch privileged class created, intrenchedfirst in the gentile u. dann political system, ultimately overthrew the democraticprinciples inherited von gentes.Niebuhr, Hermann, Mommsen etc regard the gens as composed of families, whdgens216 composed of parts offamilies u. gens, nicht family unit d. social system.Man weiss wenig über ältere “ social” history of Rom ; weil power of gentesbereits übertragen auf new political bodies bevor römische Geschichtschreibungbeginnt. Gajus - Institutiones III. 17 - sagt: qui sint autemgentiles primo commentario rettulimus, et cum illic admonuerimustotum gentilicium tus in desuetudinem abiisse, superuacuum est hoc quoqueloco de ea [dem re iterum] curiosius tractare.217Cicero, topic a 6. Gentiles sunt inter se qui eodem nomine {toteml) sunt. N onest satis. Qui ab ingenuis oriundi sunt. N e id quidem satis est. Quorummaiorum nemo servitutem servivit. Abest etiam nunc. Qui capite non suntdeminuti. Hoc fortasse satis est. Nihil enim video Scaevolam pontificemad hanc definitionem addidisse. 218Festus: “ Gentilis dicitur et ex eodem genere ortus, et is qui simili nominemappellatur.” 219Varro, “ de lingua latina” lib. V III, c. 4. “ Ut in hominibus quaedam suntagnationes ac gentilitates, sic in verbis: ut enim ab Aemilio homines ortiAemilii, ac gentilis, sic ab Aemilii nomine declinatae voces in \gentilitate\nominali: ab eo enim, quod est impositum recto casu Aemilius, (ortaAemilii,) Aemilium, Aemilios, Aemiliorum, et sic reliquae ejusdem quaesunt stirpis” 218