RESPONSIBLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP VISION DEVELOPMENT AND ETHICS

434 RESPONSIBLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Conclusions
At this time, many challenges of urban area put a huge pressure on the city and on the
transport system (as main provider of transport and mobility services). To solve this problem,
one solution is to change the way of organising the system which is dealing with mobility
in city. This new approach has to start from the new concept of a smart city and to have
as objectives all those which are coming from the objectives of smart city. Mobility as a service
is changing the way of organising the transport system in urban area (an integrated vision
of the urban transport is requested to fulfil the new mobility requests). MaaS will not affect
only the transport system, also other components of the smart city will be changed to open
the market and open new opportunities for small businesses.
The main benefits of implementing MaaS could be classified based on the following categories:
– User benefits: the cost of the mobility will be decreased having as reference the same
transport conditions (safety, time etc.); the mobility will be tailored to the requests of the user
and will be designed based on user’s aspirations (environmental protection, safety, cultural
aspects etc.); the mobility will be integrated in the life of the user and in the context of the
city; the user will be involved directly in the plan of the mobility (a smart sensors’ network
will facilitate the collection of data from the user and his/her behaviour).
– Business benefits: the multilayer approach will facilitate the atomisation of the market
with various companies acting as players with no one in a monopolistic position (if the access
to information and services will be granted by an independent agency, i.e. Mobility Agency);
new domains for businesses (MaaS operator, mobility facilitator, mobility negotiator etc.);
public transport operators could extend their businesses or a part of their business could be
under a process of externalisation.
– City benefits: the city will be able to provide mobility services for all citizens based on
their needs and requests; MaaS could be a tool for development of smart city and integration
among all city’s components; the governance of the city will be facilitated and the users will
participate directly to the governance of transport system as part of the smart city.
– Transport operators’ benefits: transport operators will develop a new dimension of their
businesses as part of an integrated transport system; they could attract more passengers and
the efficiency of urban transport will be increased; the direct link with their customers; multimodal
approach of their actual businesses.
– Societal benefits: the elevation of the quality of life in urban areas; the inclusion of
the citizens in urban context and in urban activities; the reduction of negative impact of transport
systems; rebalance of transport modes; open doors for innovation and new businesses;
added value of existing transport systems as well new application for new and advanced
technologies.
An important issue in launching new concepts is to identify the barriers as well as some
measures to open these barriers. The main barriers identified by authors are: legislative barriers
(i.e. collection of fares and distribution of the collected money to different actors), market
barriers (i.e. some public transport operators could block the access to the market of a
new companies), city’s barriers (some structures and systems of the city could reject the concept
and will modify the design of the concept), citizens’ barriers (only a small number of
citizens are open for new concepts in terms of mobility).