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RESPONSIBLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP VISION DEVELOPMENT AND ETHICS

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Mobility as a service in smart cities 435<br />

The impact of MaaS on transport system, urban environment and businesses could be<br />

defined as direct impact and indirect impact. In the category of direct impact, the following<br />

aspects have to be highlighted: impact on the natural environment of the city, impact on the<br />

quality of life, impact on the urban business environment, impact on the region and country.<br />

Another important aspect is to manage the risk of implementation the concept of mobility<br />

as a service. The first step is to identify the risks and the sources of these. The second<br />

step is to define a set of measures to counterattack on these risks.<br />

Based on this succinct cost benefit analysis the mobility as a service MaaS could be defined<br />

as a new and innovative way to manage the transport problems in urban area and the implementation<br />

of MaaS in cities will facilitate the transformation of them into smart cities.<br />

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Banister D., & Lichfield N. (1995). The Key Issues in Transport and Urban Development. In Banister D.<br />

(Ed.). Transport and Urban Development. Abingdon, UK: Taylor & Francis.<br />

Behrisch M., Bieker L., Erdmann J., & Krajzewicz D. (2011). Sumo – simulation of urban mobility. The<br />

Third International Conference on Advances in System Simulation (SIMUL 2011), Barcelona, Spain.<br />

Available: http://sumo.dlr.de/pdf/simul_2011_3_40_50150.pdf.<br />

Camagni R., Gibelli M.C., & Rigamonti P. (2002). Urban mobility and urban form: the social and environmental<br />

costs of different patterns of urban expansion. Ecol Econ. 40, 199–216.<br />

Goldman T., & Gorham R. (2006). Sustainable urban transport: Four innovative directions. Technol Soc. 28,<br />

261–273.<br />

Gwilliam, K.M. (2002). Cities on the move: a World Bank urban transport strategy review. World Bank Publications.<br />

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Low N. (2013). Transforming Urban Transport: The Ethics, Politics and Practices of Sustainable Mobility.<br />

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Macário R. (2011). Managing Urban Mobility Systems. Emerald Group Publishing.<br />

Rantasila K. (2015). The impact of Mobility as a Service concept to land use in Finnish context. International<br />

Conference on Sustainable Mobility Applications, Renewables and Technology (SMART). IEEE,<br />

pp. 1–7.<br />

Schlingensiepen, J., Mehmood, R., & Nemtanu, F. C. (2015). Framework for an Autonomic Transport System<br />

in Smart Cities. Cybernetics and Information Technologies. 15(5), 50-62.doi:10.1515/cait-2015-0016.<br />

Schrank D.L., & Lomax T.J. (2007). The 2007 urban mobility report. Texas Transportation Institute, Texas<br />

A & M University.<br />

European Urban Agenda. In Regional Policy – European Commission [Internet]. [cited 10 May 2016]. Available:<br />

http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/consultation/urb_agenda/pdf/swd_2015.pdf<br />

European Smart Cities [Internet]. [cited 10 May 2016]. Available: http://www.smart-cities.eu/<br />

Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan. In ELTIS [Internet]. [cited 10 May 2016]. Available: http://www.eltis.org/<br />

mobility-plans/sump-concept

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