India 2018

States and Union Territories 629
Shaheed Minar, Nupi Lan (Women’s War) Memorial Complex, Khonghampat
Orchidarium, INA Memorial (Moirang), Loktak Lake, Keibul Lamjao National
Park, Sendra, Moreh, Siroy Hills, Dzuko Valley, State Museum, Kaina Tourist
Home, Khongjom War Memorial Complex, India Peace Memorial (Red Hill),
etc.
O. W.: http://www.manipur.gov.in
Government
Governor : Dr. Najma A. Heptulla Chief Secretary : Shri Rajani Ranjan Rashmi
Chief Minister : Shri N. Biren Singh Jurisdiction of : Manipur
High Court
Meghalaya
Area : 22,429 sq km Population : 29.67 lakh (prov. 2011 census)
Capital : Shillong Principal Languages : Khasi, Garo & English
History and Geography
Meghalaya was created as an autonomous state within the state of Assam in
1970. The full-fledged state of Meghalaya came into existence in 1972. It is bound
on the north and east by Assam and on the south and west by Bangladesh.
Meghalaya literally means the 'Abode of Clouds’ and is essentially a hilly state.
It is predominately inhabited by the tribal Khasis, Jaintias and Garos population.
The Khasi Hills and Jaintia Hills which form the central and eastern part of the
state form an imposing plateau with rolling grassland, hills and river valleys.
The southern face of the plateau is marked by deep gorges and abrupt slopes,
at the foot of which, a narrow strip of plain runs along the international border
with Bangladesh.
Carved from the erstwhile state of Assam, Meghalaya became a full
fledged State on January 21, 1972. Bounded on the north and east by Assam
and on the south and west by Bangladesh, Meghalaya is spread over an area
of 22, 429 square kilometers, and lies between 24 0 57’ and 26 0 10 north latitude
and 89 0 46’ and 92 0 53’ east longitudes.
Agriculture
Meghalaya is basically an agricultural state with about 81 per cent of its total
population depending entirely on it for their livelihood. The hilly terrain and
land conditions of the state do not offer much scope in bringing additional
area under wet condition, but the state has a vast potential for developing
horticulture. The agro-climatic variations offer much scope for cultivation of
temperate as well as tropical fruits and vegetables. Besides the major food
crops of rice and maize, the state is also renowned for its horticultural crops
like orange. lemon, pineapple, guava, litchi, banana, jackfruits and temperate
fruits such as plum, pear, peach, etc. Potato, ginger, turmeric, black pepper,
arecanut, tezpata, betel, short- staple cotton, jute, mesta, mustard and rapeseed