Politikinstrumente zur Effizienzsteigerung von Elektrogeräten und ...

246 UBA-TEXTE 20/2006How could an energy efficiency fund be designed and what should it do?Such a fund should be equipped with a sufficient financial volume to enable it to generate ascope of positive effects in the implementation of the most efficient devices and services onthe market. The suggestion presented here assumes a yearly volume of €330 million. On thisbasis, the fund should call a bid for efficiency program tenders for which service providersfrom trade, retail trade, energy suppliers, manufacturers, consumer and energy consultant,existing energy agencies, etc. can apply. Alternatively, it can call for competitions to designsuch programs and their implementation. A fundamental feature of such programs is thatthey consist of several coordinated elements. This does not only concern promotion in thesense of subsidies. An example of this is the efficiency program for the market introduction ofhighly-efficient heating pumps shown in more detail in the annex. It consists of free trainingfor craftsmen, bonuses in the form of financial subsidies, cooperation between themanufacturers, craftsmen and any home owner's associations, as well as very specificmarketing activities.The report suggests a program portfolio that, in the first phase, handles the following topicswith priority:• Promotion of A+/A++ cooling equipment• Incentive program for highly efficient heating pumps• Office lighting program• Support programs for the build up of energy management systems in communities as wellas in small and mid-sized companiesHowever, this does not exhaust the possibilities for action. Additional programs, for examplefor ventilation and climate technology in trade and commerce as well as the use of highlyefficient motors in production areas are also feasible. In the household sector, activities forthe use of more efficient indirect lighting (instead of "halogen floor lamps") or to targeted airconditioningin the summer are important to counteract the new trend of the inefficient use ofmobile climate equipment.There are already energy efficiency funds in some European countries and regions ofGermany. These work on a similar premise as suggested here for Germany, and have beensuccessful for many years (e.g. Denmark, United Kingdom, Schleswig-Holstein).OrganizationThe fund should work closely together with relevant institutions such as the German andregional energy agencies, the KfW bank, etc. Nevertheless, the report appeals for, andjustifies the establishment of, a special institution.Financing the fundFifteen different financing models were evaluated on the basis of relevant criteria. Specialattention was paid to solution possibilities that could mobilize private money on a voluntarybasis. However, the evaluations, even those in the scope of a specialist consultation,resulted in the following: An energy efficiency fund that does not only support theimplementation of individual lucrative projects but that also finances program elements suchas public relations work, cooperation, continuing education, etc, can most likely not becompletely financed with private funds. The central cash supply (federal budget, energy