Walia Special Edition on the Bale Mountains (2011) - Zoologische ...

Over 1500 bamboo species are found in the world, covering more than 14 million ha of land.
Of these species, Africa possesses about 43 occurring over an area of over 1.5 million ha (Kigomo
1988). Ethiopia has two bamboo species: lowland bamboo, Oxytenanthera abyssinica – comprising
85% of the total bamboo forest in the country and highland bamboo, Yushania alpina (Ensermu et al.
2000; Luso Consult 1997). It is estimated that approximately 1 million ha of natural bamboo forest
occurs in Ethiopia which is about 7% of the world’s total and 67% of total bamboo forest area in
Africa (Luso 1997; Kassahun 2003).
In a fully developed bamboo root system, which occurs within 3-7 years after seeding, new
bamboo shoots are produced every rainy season and attain full height and diameter in about 3 months
(Kassahun 2003; KEFRI 2007). Bamboos get mature, strong and ready for utilisation after 3-4 years
(Wimbush 1945; Kassahun 2003; KEFRI 2007). As mature culms grow older, they deteriorate and
eventually die and rot. The life of a bamboo plant is however sustained by the new shoots and culms
(Ensermu et al. 2000). The removal of mature culms also ensures the vigour of the plant and allows
for generation of new shoots (KEFRI 2007). On the other hand, clear cutting depresses the rate of
recovery of bamboo after cutting (Wimbush 1945 cited in Kigomo 1998).
Value chain analysis examines the activities required in order to bring a product or service
from conception, through various phases of production, delivery to final consumers and their disposal
after use (Kaplinsky and Morris 2001; Stamm 2004). Therefore, identifying each activity involved
in the chain and the associated cost of each of the activities are essential steps in value chain analysis
(Pearce and Robinson 2007). This detailed work will enable us to identify both the positive aspects
and the drawbacks of a system that is being used for a particular product.
This research undertook value chain analysis of highland bamboo in the Bale Mountains.
The Bale Mountains were selected since it is an area identified as possessing the largest natural
stand of highland bamboo in Ethiopia, covering 38.7% of the total estimated highland bamboo
area in the country (Ensermu et al. 2000). Within the mountains, Shedem kebele was selected after
initial interviews were carried out at the bamboo market in Goba town, which revealed that a large
percentage of the bamboo coming to the Goba market originates from Shedem kebele. Ultimately
this study aims:
• To identify bamboo utilisation and demand in the area;
• To carry out a value chain analysis identifying all stakeholders and their involvement in
bamboo resource extraction and utilisation;
• To determine the economic value of bamboo to different stakeholders; and
• To recommend strategies for improved management and sustainable utilisation of
bamboo in Shedem and the surrounding area.
Methodology
The Bale zone is found in the south eastern part of Ethiopia within the Oromia region. The zone has
ten woredas including Goba. Shedem is one of the 17 kebeles in Goba woreda. According to the
<strong>Walia</strong>-<strong>Special</strong> <strong>Edition</strong> on the Bale Mountains 214