Walia Special Edition on the Bale Mountains (2011) - Zoologische ...

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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................... 1 WILDLIFE MAMMALS OF THE BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK, ETHIOPIA: COMPILED AND ANNOTATED CHECKLIST, ASEFA, A. ................................................................................................................................................ 3 STRUCTURING OF THE BIRDS OF THE BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK, SHIMELIS, A., BEKELE, A., ASEFA, A., WILLIAMS, S., GOVE, A. AND THIRGOOD, S. ................................................................................... 15 ETHIOPIAN WOLF MONITORING IN THE BALE MOUNTAINS FROM 2001-2004, RANDALL, D., TALLENTS, L., WILLIAMS, S. AND SILLERO-ZUBIRI, C.......................................................................................................... 28 OBSERVATIONS ON THE STATUS OF THE MOUNTAIN NYALA: 2000-2005, MALCOLM, J. AND EVANGELISTA, P.H .................................................................................................................................................... 39 POPULATION ESTIMATES AND DIET OF STARK’S HARE (LEPUS STARCKI PETTER, 1963) IN THE BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK, ETHIOPIA MEKONNEN, T., BEKELE, A. AND MALCOM, J. ..................... 53 ECOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGY OF AN AFROALPINE SPECIALIST: ETHIOPIAN WOLVES IN THE BALE MOUNTAINS SILLERO-ZUBIRI, C., GOTTELLI, D., MARINO, J., RANDALL, D., TALLENTS, L. AND MACDONALD, D.W. ....................................................................................................................................... 61 A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE BALE MONKEY (CERCOPITHECUS DJAMDJAMENSIS) POPULATION SIZE AND HABITAT USE IN THE HARENNA FOREST WAKJIRA, K., GASHAW, M. AND PINARD, M. .................................................................................................................................................................. 80 AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES RECORDED FROM THE BALE MOUNTAINS LARGAN, M AND SPAWLS, S.. 89 CONSERVATION OF ETHIOPIAN AMPHIBIANS: A RACE AGAINST TIME MENGISTU, A.A., LOADER, S., GETAHUN, A., SABER, S. AND NAGEL, P............................................................................................................... 92 A SUMMARY OF THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF THE MOUNTAIN NYALA (TRAGELAPHUS BUxTONI) IN BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK, MAMO, Y. AND PINARD, M. .......................................................... 94 ECOLOGY AND VEGETATION MAPPING HIGH-ALTITUDE VEGETATION IN THE BALE MOUNTAINS, ETHIOPIA. TALLENTS, L.A. AND MACDONALD, D.W. ................................................................................................................................................. 97 THE CHANGING FACE OF THE BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK OVER 32 YEARS: A STUDY OF LAND COVER CHANGE. TESHOME, E., RANDALL, D. AND KINAHAN, A.A.............................................................. 118 CHARACTERISTICS AND ORIGINS OF GLADES IN THE HARENNA FOREST, ETHIOPIA.CHIODI, G. AND PINARD, M.................................................................................................................................................................. 131
FACTORS AFFECTING FIRE ExTENT AND FREqUENCY IN THE BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK. ABERA, K AND KINAHAN, A.A. ............................................................................................................................. 146 THE STATUS OF THE ERICACEOUS VEGETATION ON THE SOUTHERN SLOPE OF THE BALE MOUNTAINS. ASSEFA, Y., WESCHE, K. AND FETENE, M............................................................................................................ 158 BALE MOUNTAIN LAKES: ECOSYSTEMS UNDER PRESSURE OF GLOBAL CHANGE? EGGERMONT, H., WONDAFRASH, M., VAN DAMME, K., LENS, L. AND UMER, M........................................................................ 171 rESOurCE uSE DIRECT CONSUMPTIVE USE VALUE OF ECOSYSTEM GOODS AND SERVICES IN THE BALE MOUNTAINS ECO-REGION, ETHIOPIA. WATSON, C., MILNER-GULLAND, E.J., MOURATO, S ........................................... 181 LIVESTOCK GRAZING IN BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK, ETHIOPIA: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE. VIAL, F. MACDONALD, D.W. AND HAYDON, D. T................................................................................................ 197 TRADITIONAL BEEKEEPING AND PATTERNS OF HOST TREE USE IN THE HARENNA FOREST, BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK. LEFEVRE, B. AND PINARD, M. ..................................................................... 208 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS FOR BAMBOO ORIGINATING FROM SHEDEM KEBELE, BALE ZONE. TESFAYE. A. A. .............................................................................................................................................................................. 213 THE DISTRIBUTION, PROPERTIES AND USES OF MINERAL SPRINGS IN THE HARENNA FOREST. CHIODI, G. AND PINARD, M. .................................................................................................................................................. 225 PrOTECTED ArEA mANAGEmENT GENERAL MANAGEMENT PLANNING FOR THE BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK. NELSON, A...... 243 PEOPLE IN NATIONAL PARKS – JOINT NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK – WHY IT MAKES SENSE TO WORK WITH LOCAL PEOPLE. TADESSE, D., WILLIAMS, S., AND IRWIN, B. ........................................................................................................................................................... 257 RISK OF DISEASE TRANSMISSION BETWEEN DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AND WILD UNGULATE IN THE BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK, ETHIOPIA. SHIFERAW, F. AND LAURENSON, M.K. ..................... 269 TOURISM AND PROTECTED AREAS: TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK. ADMASU, B. , ASEFA, A. AND KINAHAN, A.A. ........................................................................................ 282 CAN CARBON CONTRIBUTE TO CONSERVATION FINANCING? A TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF REDD IN THE BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK. KINAHAN, A.A. AND WATSON, C.................................................................................................................................................................. 295 ENSURING THE LONG-TERM CONSERVATION OF ECOSYSTEMS: THE ROLE OF MONITORING DATABASES HOPCRAFT, G. .................................................................................................................................... 306
Page 1 and 2: Walia Spec
Page 3 and 4: This Special <stro
Page 5: Foreword The Bale Mountains are uni
Page 9 and 10: Introduction This Special</
Page 11 and 12: Mammals of the Bale Mountains Natio
Page 13 and 14: History and Physical Features of th
Page 15 and 16: Name of Order Name of Family No of
Page 17 and 18: wolf is a rare canid endemic to the
Page 19 and 20: Hillman. J. C. 1993. Ethiopia: Comp
Page 21 and 22: Scientific name Common name Sources
Page 23 and 24: Structuring of the Birds of the Bal
Page 25 and 26: interactions? 2) Would such classif
Page 27 and 28: feeding habit and the related bill
Page 29 and 30: Table 1. Component loadings of fora
Page 31 and 32: Assemblage 1 Assemblage 2 Assemblag
Page 33 and 34: of a community there must be a prem
Page 35 and 36: Hillman, J.C. 1986. The Bale Mounta
Page 37 and 38: 1995a; Sillero-Zubiri et al. 2004,
Page 39 and 40: Monitoring Activities the Bale Moun
Page 41 and 42: Table 1. Packs monitored in the Bal
Page 43 and 44: long-term study areas. However, tot
Page 45 and 46: Creel, S., Spong, G., Sands, J.L.,
Page 47 and 48: Observations on the Status of the M
Page 49 and 50: The Bale Mountains Figure 1. The kn
Page 51 and 52: of the park’s interior, where hum
Page 53 and 54: The Ahmar (Chercher) Mountains The
Page 55 and 56: Casuarina equisetiflium lia, Hageni
Page 57 and 58:
Threats Predictably, the main threa
Page 59 and 60:
populations within hunting blocks a
Page 61 and 62:
Population Estimates and Diet of St
Page 63 and 64:
To identify the types and proportio
Page 65 and 66:
Table 3. Coverage of plant species
Page 67 and 68:
for eating grass species. During th
Page 69 and 70:
Ecology and Reproductive Strategy o
Page 71 and 72:
overall diet (36% of total prey occ
Page 73 and 74:
Table 1. Ethiopian wolf density (in
Page 75 and 76:
encounters between neighbouring wol
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No new packs were formed between 19
Page 79 and 80:
Cooperative Breeding Role of helper
Page 81 and 82:
Mean feeding rate (contributions/ho
Page 83 and 84:
successful dispersal are very low,
Page 85 and 86:
References Ashenafi, Z.T. 2001. Com
Page 87 and 88:
Solomon, N. G., and French, J.A. Ed
Page 89 and 90:
Figure 1. The Bale monkey (Cercopit
Page 91 and 92:
Survey method - Dec 06-Jan 07 Line
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Table 3. Estimates of population de
Page 95 and 96:
Monitoring and management prioritie
Page 97 and 98:
Amphibians and Reptiles Recorded fr
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Lizards Agamidae Acanthocercus atri
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to just two montane sites in Harenn
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used for comparison. The study reve
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Mapping High-Altitude Vegetation in
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of the alpine vegetation have been
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Observers located each point by GPS
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Figure 1. Afroalpine vegetation in
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other, and class N from O, because
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J. mima mounds and grazed mineral s
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Node Clusters Species in 1st cluste
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A. Arboreal heather/lake -E 64.6 +W
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A. Arboreal heather/lake 82 ± 176
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elevations of 4100-4200 m a.s.l. in
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Miehe, G. and Miehe, S. 1994. Erica
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and managing natural resources and
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The Bale Mountains National Park is
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The ground-truthing points made up
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Table 2. Table showing the area for
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Table 5. Description of patchiness
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Acknowledgments This study was fund
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Characteristics and Origins of Glad
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Figure 1. Map with the approximate
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Table 1. Main characteristics of th
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Table 2. Soil Properties at two dep
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Total aboveground biomass ranged fr
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There might be some evidence for th
Page 151 and 152:
Appendix 1. Attributes for soil pro
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Ogate (altitude 1753 m) Water Site
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the loss of natural forests due to
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Results Fire extent and frequency A
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Soil type Over 50% of the total num
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Distance to settlements The frequen
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than expected given there available
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MOA 2000. Ethiopian Forest Status R
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among seasons are usually only a fe
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In contrast to the northern highlan
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Table 1. The distribution, species
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it was absent from the central subz
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Figure 2. Population structure of t
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Fetene, M., Gashaw, M., Nauke, P. a
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Bale Mountain Lakes: Ecosystems Und
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occurrence above 4000 m. Rainfall i
Page 183 and 184:
Table 1. List of the sampled waterb
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total nitrogen, chlorophyll a, cond
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Eggermont H., Russell, J.M.. Schett
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Direct Consumptive Use Value of Eco
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As more literature seeks to explore
Page 193 and 194:
Table 1. Ecosystem goods and servic
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Figure 1. Map of the Bale Mountains
Page 197 and 198:
2(a) Crop Production HH Crop Value
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3(a) Mean Household Annual Direct C
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accruing to households. Although no
Page 203 and 204:
Acknowledgements This study was mad
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Livestock Grazing in Bale Mountains
Page 207 and 208:
evidence that low levels of grazing
Page 209 and 210:
wildlife, especially the mountain n
Page 211 and 212:
and control sites (areas where live
Page 213 and 214:
several of the Bale ecosystem compo
Page 215 and 216:
Paine, R. T. and Vadas, R. L. 1969.
Page 217 and 218:
their hives. Hive and tree types we
Page 219 and 220:
HOROqqA (Bersama abyssinica, Melian
Page 221 and 222:
Value Chain Analysis for Bamboo Ori
Page 223 and 224:
data recorded by the Development Ag
Page 225 and 226:
Amongst the interviewees, 80% of pe
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Producers As reported previously, b
Page 229 and 230:
The above figure shows the various
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(6) BERSMP and all other stakeholde
Page 233 and 234:
The Distribution, Properties and Us
Page 235 and 236:
preliminary data. From the prelimin
Page 237 and 238:
Figure 1. Map of the southern part
Page 239 and 240:
Addeye All the 11 horas in Addeye a
Page 241 and 242:
Tabalas are used for healing purpos
Page 243 and 244:
Cultural value and history The use
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(Barrett-Lennard 2003). Finally, pr
Page 247 and 248:
Appendix ph Colour Salinity (mS) Ta
Page 249 and 250:
Villages using the hora Animals vis
Page 251 and 252:
General Management Planning for the
Page 253 and 254:
BMNP Management History Since its i
Page 255 and 256:
effectively and efficiently impleme
Page 257 and 258:
Problems and Issues A problems and
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understood threats were also identi
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Park Operations Programme This prog
Page 263 and 264:
according to its core vision and pr
Page 265 and 266:
People in National Parks - Joint Na
Page 267 and 268:
pastoralists, as part of pastoral s
Page 269 and 270:
of wild animals (Stephens et al. 20
Page 271 and 272:
have experience in the implementati
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2004) or conservation and livelihoo
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• The redefinition of protected a
Page 277 and 278:
Risk of Disease Transmission Betwee
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aspects of these factors, including
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ecorded as “point vegetation” f
Page 283 and 284:
Table 1: Composition of 326 ungulat
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Table 3. Distance from road at whic
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Transmission risk Clearly, disease
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Dunn, A.M. 1968. The wild ruminant
Page 291 and 292:
however continues to rise and in 19
Page 293 and 294:
Tourism in the Bale Mountains Natio
Page 295 and 296:
the past 5 years tourism activities
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assist with implementation of the t
Page 299 and 300:
An increase in tourism investment i
Page 301 and 302:
at a loss of approximately ETB 10,0
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Can Carbon Contribute to Conservati
Page 305 and 306:
emains. The more recently coined RE
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Benefits The implementation of such
Page 309 and 310:
or meet the minimum costs necessary
Page 311 and 312:
Table 1. Financial forecast for 20
Page 313 and 314:
across Africa. Biological Conservat
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sets, extract relevant bits of info
Page 317 and 318:
What to Monitor? The question of wh
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scale as a balance where one side r
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through existing databases not only
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The moral of these stories are that
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anger based monitoring system is a
Page 327 and 328:
spatial and temporal extent of the
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IUCN Red Listed Species Description
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Appendix 2: Metadata form A digital
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and climate data, AVHRR NDVI data,
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http://www.mentorsoftwareinc.com Me
Page 337 and 338:
Individual Arrest Form Index No. Lo
Page 339 and 340:
If for Commercial Market: □ in yo
Page 341 and 342:
• Improve research work on wildli
Page 343 and 344:
• Development Partners (donors) a
Page 345 and 346:
Sustainable Development of the Prot
Page 347 and 348:
I. Personal details Ethiopian Wildl
Page 350:
Publication Financially Supported b
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