Walia Special Edition on the Bale Mountains (2011) - Zoologische ...

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BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK PARTNERS Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority (EWCA) The Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority (EWCA) is a governmental organization mandated to ensure the development, conservation and sustainable utilization of Ethiopia’s wildlife resources. Like other governmental institutions in Ethiopia, EWCA carried out a study using two kinds of performance management tools; a Business Process Reenginering (BPR) process and a Balanced Score Card (BSC). It is from this study that EWCA emerged as an authority with a new arrangement transferring it from under the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MoARD) to under the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (MoCT). Three years on, EWCA together with the MoCT has now revised its BPR and BSC documents. EWCA’s Vision To be one of the top five best African countries in 2020 as a wildlife tourism destination. EWCA’s Mission Statements i) To sustainably develop and conserve Ethiopian wildlife resources, scientifically through active participation of community and other stakeholders ii) To bring ecological, economic and social benefits to Ethiopians, as well as the global community and pass to the next generation as a heritage. EWCA’s three main strategic themes (ST) and expected results (R) are-: 1) ST: Wildlife conservation and development R: Beautiful and attractive PAs. 2) ST: Active participation and benefit sharing of the community R: Community partnership increased 3) ST: Wildlife market development and sustainable Utilization. R: Market share and revenue increased A number of objectives under the strategic themes were developed to assist in meeting these results. EWCA’s Objectives • Increase customer satisfaction • Increase the benefit sharing of PAs to the local community • Build a good image of the country • Increase tourist satisfaction • Improve effective resource utilization • Maximize budget sources • Increase revenue generated from wildlife utilization. • Reduce illegal activities inside and outside of protected areas <strong>Walia</strong>-<strong>Special</strong> <strong>Edition</strong> on the Bale Mountains 332
• Improve research work on wildlife • Rehabilitate and restore degraded areas of protected areas • Maximize infrastructure in the protected areas. • Improve community awareness and skills • Enhance community and stake holder participation • Establish and promote wildlife market oriented mechanisms • Improve the service delivery system • Establish a database of wildlife • Improve mainstreaming of cross cutting issues (Gender, youth) in EWCA • Strengthen monitoring, feedback and evaluation systems • Benchmark from best practice. • Improve the knowledge, skills and change the attitude of leaders and experts • Improve capacity for information communication and other modern technology Specific key objectives pertinent to the BMNP include the re-demarcation and gazettement of the park by 2012; rehabilitation of degraded areas, reduction of human-wildlife conflict and to increase the populations of endemic and endangered wildlife species. Ethiopian Wildlife and Natural History Society Establishment: • Established in 1966 as Social Club • Emperor Haile Silassie used to be the first Patron • Evolved into a full-fledged Local Conservation Organization in early nineties • One of the oldest non-governmental organizations in Ethiopia • Operates at national level (not region-specific) • A membership-based Society • Used to be registered under Ministry of Justice • Re-registered by the Agency for Charities and Associations as ETHIOPIAN RESIDENTS CHARITY Focus Areas: • Awareness creation/boosting • Education on Protection of Environment • Production and dissemination of promotional publications • Conservation of biodiversity – Threatened species • Research and dissemination of results • Rehabilitation of degraded areas • Monitoring of wetland habitats – Waterfowl Census • Monitoring of Key Biodiversity Sites – Important Bird Areas (IBAs) • Local Community Engagements in Conservation - SSGs • Recently embarked on Eco-tourism • Center of excellence for Ornithology <strong>Walia</strong>-<strong>Special</strong> <strong>Edition</strong> on the Bale Mountains 333
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Walia Spec
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This Special <stro
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Foreword The Bale Mountains are uni
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FACTORS AFFECTING FIRE ExTENT AND F
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Introduction This Special</
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Mammals of the Bale Mountains Natio
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History and Physical Features of th
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Name of Order Name of Family No of
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wolf is a rare canid endemic to the
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Hillman. J. C. 1993. Ethiopia: Comp
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Scientific name Common name Sources
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Structuring of the Birds of the Bal
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interactions? 2) Would such classif
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feeding habit and the related bill
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Table 1. Component loadings of fora
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Assemblage 1 Assemblage 2 Assemblag
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of a community there must be a prem
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Hillman, J.C. 1986. The Bale Mounta
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1995a; Sillero-Zubiri et al. 2004,
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Monitoring Activities the Bale Moun
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Table 1. Packs monitored in the Bal
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long-term study areas. However, tot
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Creel, S., Spong, G., Sands, J.L.,
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Observations on the Status of the M
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The Bale Mountains Figure 1. The kn
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of the park’s interior, where hum
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The Ahmar (Chercher) Mountains The
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Casuarina equisetiflium lia, Hageni
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Threats Predictably, the main threa
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populations within hunting blocks a
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Population Estimates and Diet of St
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To identify the types and proportio
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Table 3. Coverage of plant species
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for eating grass species. During th
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Ecology and Reproductive Strategy o
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overall diet (36% of total prey occ
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Table 1. Ethiopian wolf density (in
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encounters between neighbouring wol
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No new packs were formed between 19
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Cooperative Breeding Role of helper
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Mean feeding rate (contributions/ho
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successful dispersal are very low,
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References Ashenafi, Z.T. 2001. Com
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Solomon, N. G., and French, J.A. Ed
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Figure 1. The Bale monkey (Cercopit
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Survey method - Dec 06-Jan 07 Line
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Table 3. Estimates of population de
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Monitoring and management prioritie
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Amphibians and Reptiles Recorded fr
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Lizards Agamidae Acanthocercus atri
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to just two montane sites in Harenn
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used for comparison. The study reve
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Mapping High-Altitude Vegetation in
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of the alpine vegetation have been
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Observers located each point by GPS
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Figure 1. Afroalpine vegetation in
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other, and class N from O, because
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J. mima mounds and grazed mineral s
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Node Clusters Species in 1st cluste
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A. Arboreal heather/lake -E 64.6 +W
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A. Arboreal heather/lake 82 ± 176
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elevations of 4100-4200 m a.s.l. in
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Miehe, G. and Miehe, S. 1994. Erica
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and managing natural resources and
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The Bale Mountains National Park is
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The ground-truthing points made up
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Table 2. Table showing the area for
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Table 5. Description of patchiness
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Acknowledgments This study was fund
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Characteristics and Origins of Glad
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Figure 1. Map with the approximate
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Table 1. Main characteristics of th
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Table 2. Soil Properties at two dep
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Total aboveground biomass ranged fr
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There might be some evidence for th
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Appendix 1. Attributes for soil pro
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Ogate (altitude 1753 m) Water Site
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the loss of natural forests due to
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Results Fire extent and frequency A
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Soil type Over 50% of the total num
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Distance to settlements The frequen
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than expected given there available
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MOA 2000. Ethiopian Forest Status R
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among seasons are usually only a fe
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In contrast to the northern highlan
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Table 1. The distribution, species
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it was absent from the central subz
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Figure 2. Population structure of t
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Fetene, M., Gashaw, M., Nauke, P. a
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Bale Mountain Lakes: Ecosystems Und
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occurrence above 4000 m. Rainfall i
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Table 1. List of the sampled waterb
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total nitrogen, chlorophyll a, cond
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Eggermont H., Russell, J.M.. Schett
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Direct Consumptive Use Value of Eco
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As more literature seeks to explore
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Table 1. Ecosystem goods and servic
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Figure 1. Map of the Bale Mountains
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2(a) Crop Production HH Crop Value
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3(a) Mean Household Annual Direct C
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accruing to households. Although no
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Acknowledgements This study was mad
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Livestock Grazing in Bale Mountains
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evidence that low levels of grazing
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wildlife, especially the mountain n
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and control sites (areas where live
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several of the Bale ecosystem compo
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Paine, R. T. and Vadas, R. L. 1969.
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their hives. Hive and tree types we
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HOROqqA (Bersama abyssinica, Melian
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Value Chain Analysis for Bamboo Ori
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data recorded by the Development Ag
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Amongst the interviewees, 80% of pe
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Producers As reported previously, b
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The above figure shows the various
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(6) BERSMP and all other stakeholde
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The Distribution, Properties and Us
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preliminary data. From the prelimin
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Figure 1. Map of the southern part
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Addeye All the 11 horas in Addeye a
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Tabalas are used for healing purpos
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Cultural value and history The use
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(Barrett-Lennard 2003). Finally, pr
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Appendix ph Colour Salinity (mS) Ta
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Villages using the hora Animals vis
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General Management Planning for the
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BMNP Management History Since its i
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effectively and efficiently impleme
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Problems and Issues A problems and
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understood threats were also identi
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Park Operations Programme This prog
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according to its core vision and pr
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People in National Parks - Joint Na
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pastoralists, as part of pastoral s
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of wild animals (Stephens et al. 20
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have experience in the implementati
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2004) or conservation and livelihoo
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• The redefinition of protected a
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Risk of Disease Transmission Betwee
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aspects of these factors, including
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ecorded as “point vegetation” f
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Table 1: Composition of 326 ungulat
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Table 3. Distance from road at whic
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Transmission risk Clearly, disease
Page 289 and 290: Dunn, A.M. 1968. The wild ruminant
Page 291 and 292: however continues to rise and in 19
Page 293 and 294: Tourism in the Bale Mountains Natio
Page 295 and 296: the past 5 years tourism activities
Page 297 and 298: assist with implementation of the t
Page 299 and 300: An increase in tourism investment i
Page 301 and 302: at a loss of approximately ETB 10,0
Page 303 and 304: Can Carbon Contribute to Conservati
Page 305 and 306: emains. The more recently coined RE
Page 307 and 308: Benefits The implementation of such
Page 309 and 310: or meet the minimum costs necessary
Page 311 and 312: Table 1. Financial forecast for 20
Page 313 and 314: across Africa. Biological Conservat
Page 315 and 316: sets, extract relevant bits of info
Page 317 and 318: What to Monitor? The question of wh
Page 319 and 320: scale as a balance where one side r
Page 321 and 322: through existing databases not only
Page 323 and 324: The moral of these stories are that
Page 325 and 326: anger based monitoring system is a
Page 327 and 328: spatial and temporal extent of the
Page 329 and 330: IUCN Red Listed Species Description
Page 331 and 332: Appendix 2: Metadata form A digital
Page 333 and 334: and climate data, AVHRR NDVI data,
Page 335 and 336: http://www.mentorsoftwareinc.com Me
Page 337 and 338: Individual Arrest Form Index No. Lo
Page 339: If for Commercial Market: □ in yo
Page 343 and 344: • Development Partners (donors) a
Page 345 and 346: Sustainable Development of the Prot
Page 347 and 348: I. Personal details Ethiopian Wildl
Page 350: Publication Financially Supported b
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