The phonology and morphology of Filomeno Mata Totonac

30) s%tapus%tii"á n kapé
/s"-ta-pus"-tii#a-aa kape/
PAST-3SUB.pl-cut-AMB-IMPF coffee
‘they were harvesting coffee (e.g. at intervals over the harvest season)’
5.3.2.5 Iterative –pa!a. The iterative suffix –pa!a adds the meaning ‘again’ to the entire verbal
proposition. When –pa!a occurs word-finally on a verb in the progressive or perfective aspect (in
which case stress falls on the first syllable of the suffix), the allomorph –pa! or –pa appears. The
phoneme /$/ in FM Totonac is generally found only in lexical items borrowed from Spanish, and
–pa!a is the only grammatical morpheme with this phoneme. Other Totonac varieties have
iterative suffixes with the form –pal or –pala.
31) taaskuxpaapá!’
/taa-skux-paa-pá$a-[cg]/
COM-work-PROG2-ITER-2SUB.sg
‘you’re working again’
32) s%titankutumpa!átiti&
/s"-ti-tan-kutun-pa$á-titi&/
PAST-CNTR-come2-DES-ITER-2SUB.pl
‘you pl. should have come again’
5.3.2.6 Totalitive/terminative qo’o. The interpretation of the totalitive suffix depends on subject
number and the transitivity of the verb; it may refer variously to the totality of the subject, the
object, or the action of the verb. On any verb, it may be interpreted as adding the aspectual
meaning ‘finish Xing’; this is a particularly likely interpretation with an intransitive verb with a
singular subject. An intransitive with a plural subject derived with –qo’o is ambiguous between
‘everyone Xs’ and ‘finish Xing’. Attached to a transitive verb, the totalitive may be interpreted to
mean ‘finish Xing’ or ‘do X to all of Y’. In some cases, -qo’o refers to the totality of the results
of the event, e.g., stax-qoo ‘get soaked’ (< ‘wet’+ totalitive). The range of interpretation of the
totalitive is parallel to that of the distributive prefix described in §5.5.2. The aspectual usage is
exemplified below:
33) kpas%qoolikú’
/k-pas"-qu’u-li&-ku’u&/
1SUB-bathe-TOT-PFTV-JUST
‘I just finished bathing’
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