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The phonology and morphology of Filomeno Mata Totonac

The phonology and morphology of Filomeno Mata Totonac

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3.3.11.2 Locative nominalizations ................................................................93<br />

3.3.11.2.1 Locative kaa- .........................................................................93<br />

3.3.11.2.2 Nominalizations in locative puu- ...........................................93<br />

3.3.11.3. Instrumental nominalizations .........................................................94<br />

3.3.11.3.1 Nominalizations in lii- ............................................................94<br />

3.3.11.3.2 Instrumental nominalizations in puu- ....................................95<br />

3.3.11.4 Purpose nominalizations in lii- .......................................................95<br />

3.3.11.5 Result nominalizations ....................................................................96<br />

3.3.11.5.1 Result nouns in ta- .................................................................96<br />

3.3.11.5.2 Result nominalizations in –ti" .................................................97<br />

3.3.11.6. ‘Ought to’ construction ..................................................................98<br />

3.3.11.6.1 Active ‘ought to X’ construction ...........................................98<br />

3.3.11.6.2 Passive ‘ought to be X’d’ .......................................................99<br />

3.3.11.7 Glottalization <strong>and</strong> deverbal nouns ..................................................100<br />

3.3.12 Nouns <strong>and</strong> reduplication ..........................................................................101<br />

3.4 Adjectival <strong>morphology</strong> .......................................................................................101<br />

3.4.1 Approximate =w"! ......................................................................................101<br />

3.4.1.1 Color adjectives <strong>and</strong> =w"! ..................................................................101<br />

3.4.1.2 Adjectives with optional =w"! ...........................................................102<br />

3.4.2 Adjectives in =w"! ......................................................................................102<br />

3.4.2.1 Deverbal adjectives ...........................................................................102<br />

3.4.2.2 Deadverbial adjectives ......................................................................102<br />

3.4.2.3 Other adjectives in =w"! ....................................................................103<br />

3.4.3 Partial reduplication <strong>of</strong> adjectives ..............................................................103<br />

3.5 Adverbial <strong>morphology</strong> ........................................................................................105<br />

3.6 Introduction to numeral classifiers ......................................................................105<br />

3.6.1 Numeral system .........................................................................................105<br />

3.6.2 Numeral classifiers .....................................................................................106<br />

Chapter 4 Verbal Inflection ...................................................................................108<br />

4.1 Introduction .........................................................................................................108<br />

4.2 Overall verb structure .........................................................................................108<br />

4.3 Verb transitivity classes ......................................................................................109<br />

4.3.1 Positionals ..................................................................................................109<br />

4.3.1.1 Bound positionals .............................................................................109<br />

4.3.1.2 Posturals ............................................................................................109<br />

4.3.2 Intransitive verbs ........................................................................................110<br />

4.3.3 Transitive verbs ..........................................................................................111<br />

4.4. Inflectional categories ........................................................................................112<br />

4.5 Inflectional processes ..........................................................................................112<br />

4.6 Inflectional ordering in position classes .............................................................113<br />

4.7 Tense, aspect <strong>and</strong> mood ......................................................................................114<br />

4.7.1 Mood ..........................................................................................................115<br />

4.7.1.1 Realis <strong>and</strong> irrealis ..............................................................................115<br />

4.7.1.1.1 ka- & negative future ...............................................................116<br />

4.7.1.1.2 ka- & imperative ......................................................................116<br />

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