The phonology and morphology of Filomeno Mata Totonac

glottal stop. When ii precedes a q, (often in the instrumental prefix lii-) the two moras of the
vowel are sometimes differentially lowered to )æ (see §2.6.3.1 for vowel lowering). The high
front vowel, whether short or long, rarely occurs following the glide of ! roundness, y, with only
two exceptions, #kayíw’! ‘green’, and sayín ‘rain’, which is historically sa’in.
27) Examples of /i/ and /ii/
[‘í’i&] ‘s/he harvests it’ [xin’i&] ‘smoke’
[c"ís"it h i&] ‘hair, feather’ [p%íip h i&] ‘older sister’
[c"iwiinŒn] ‘s/he speaks’ [líic"iin] ‘rope’
[siléeNq h e&] ‘type of cricket’ [séqe#] ‘king vulture’
[l)æqápin] ‘key’ [s"te’án] ‘s/he should have gone’
['aqpipeeqs"] ‘dandruff’
2.4.3 /u/, /uu/. /u/ and /uu/ are high back vowels that can be plain or laryngealized. Both have
mid-vowel allophones adjacent to a uvular segment and optionally adjacent to a glottal stop (see
vowel lowering in §2.6.3.2). This phoneme, whether short or long, does not occur following a
glide of ! roundness, with the exception of the epenthetic [w] in the compound skawawáwuun
‘dry wind’.
28) Examples of /u/ and /uu/
[k%us"tú] ‘s/he weeds’ [’u’u&] ‘he, she, it’
[k%úyu] ‘armadillo’ [#kuyúuma] ‘s/he is burnin+ it’
[c"ís"kú’u&] ‘man’ [k%úk h u&] ‘uncle’
[tsutsóq h o&] ‘red’ [looqóy’i&] ‘crane’
[móoNqsNu&] ‘owl’ [too’án] ‘s/he who goes’
[s"kuut h a&] ‘acidic plant’ [s"ku0u0t h a&] ‘acidic, bitter’
2.4.4 /e/. /e/ is a mid-front vowel that appears only in words borrowed from Spanish or from
other indigenous languages.
29) Examples of /e/
[t%éko] ‘father’ [k%uyém] ‘jicama’
[c"ec"] ‘pitahaya fruit’ [luméte] ‘bottle’
[k%apé] ‘coffee’ [séra] ‘bee’
[buréko] ‘sheep’ [s"akwés] ‘necessarily’
[k%onfesárli] ‘s/he confesses’ [rentárli] ‘s/he rents it’
! ##!