The phonology and morphology of Filomeno Mata Totonac

e followed only by a deictic (these have no impact on stress), or a person agreement suffix or
enclitic (most of which do determine stress).
181)/k-wan-nii-niita&/ 182) /ta-waka-niita&-wa&/
1SUB-say-DAT-PFT INC-up-PFT-1pl
[kwaniiníit%a&]/ [kwaniiníi] [tawakaniitáw]
‘I have told him’ ‘we have raised ourselves up’
183)/waa-qo’o-niita&-[cg]/ 184) /ta-min-niita&-c"a’a&/
eat-TOT-PFT-2SUB.sg 3SUB.pl-come-PFT-THERE
[waaqooníit’a&] [taminiitanc"á’a&]
‘you have eaten everything’ ‘they came there’
2.7.2.1.3 Imperfective aspect stress. The imperfect aspect is associated with final stress
whenever its marker, -aa, (in the same suffix position 12 as the perfect) is suffixed in the final
construction of the verb. However, the IMPF suffix is phonologically deleted whenever it is the
final construction of the word, so imperfective stress usually falls on a stem syllable, not the
suffix itself. It is stressed word-finally only in the speech of younger speakers in verbs with 1 st
or 2 nd plural subjects, where the subject markers are deleted. Because the imperfective suffix –aa
is often deleted phonologically, as are the perfective suffixes, it is often only the stress pattern
that distinguishes these two aspects.
185)/laka-swiik-aa/ 186) /k-laa-aa-wa&/
FACE-shave-IMPF 1EXC-live-IMPF-1pl
[lakaswiík] [klaayáaw]/[klaayá]
‘he shaves him’ ‘we (exc) live’
187)/tan-kaa-pii-aa-[cg]/
REAR-cut-DOWN-IMPF-2SUB.sg
[tankaapíy’a]
‘you cut it down’
2.7.2.1.4 Perfective aspect stress. An antepenult stress pattern is characteristic of perfective
aspect, which is marked by –ti" with 2 nd person subjects and –li" elsewhere. It is more accurate to
say that when the perfective aspect marker is the final suffix, it assigns stress two syllables
preceding itself, i.e. qá#mat" ‘he heard’, where -" is an allomorph of PFTV –li". Due to the
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