The phonology and morphology of Filomeno Mata Totonac
The phonology and morphology of Filomeno Mata Totonac
The phonology and morphology of Filomeno Mata Totonac
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19) Examples <strong>of</strong> /m/<br />
[makŒn] ‘h<strong>and</strong>’ [míistun] ‘cat’<br />
[mus"tíin] ‘forehead’ [slamŒm’a&] ‘shiny’<br />
[’aqtím] ‘one’ [laqas"úum] ‘thin layer <strong>of</strong> tortilla’<br />
[smuk%úk h u&] ‘yellow’ [s"mití] ‘s/he spins (yarn)’<br />
[#mumóq h o&] ‘fair-skinned’ [c"imps"] ‘s/he blinks’<br />
[k%min] ‘I come’ [spímw&a&] ‘agile’<br />
2.3.4.2 /n/. /n/ is a voiced alveolar nasal that occurs syllable-initially or –finally. Syllableinitially<br />
it can follow any coronal fricative, <strong>and</strong> in tautomorphemic codas it may precede only the<br />
homorganic affricate c", <strong>and</strong> only in two forms, ‘aaqc%iínc" ‘mare’, <strong>and</strong> laqc%iinc" ‘diaper’. Across a<br />
morpheme boundary n can also precede the other homorganic stop <strong>and</strong> affricate t <strong>and</strong> ts syllablefinally<br />
(not tl because it cannot appear in a coda). n assimilates in place to a following stop or<br />
affricate, <strong>and</strong> deletes preceding any consonant to which it cannot assimilate in place <strong>and</strong> manner<br />
(see §2.6.1.1.2). Degemination <strong>of</strong> n-n sequences at morphological junctures is exceptionless.<br />
20) Examples <strong>of</strong> /n/<br />
[nak%ú] ‘heart’ [nips"i&] ‘winter squash’<br />
[nuu] ‘s/he is in’ [snuun] ‘grave, extreme<br />
[s"tíilan] ‘hen’ [s"pinín] ‘intense red’<br />
[#napáp h a&] ‘pallid’ [s"neeq h ] ‘it withers’<br />
[k%nii] ‘I die’ [’aqc"íinc"] ‘mare’<br />
[q%ós"nunt’i&] ‘run!’ [k%waayánts’] ‘I already eat’<br />
2.3.5 Approximants. Besides the nasals, <strong>Filomeno</strong> <strong>Mata</strong> <strong>Totonac</strong> has three other sonorant<br />
consonants, the lateral l <strong>and</strong> glides w <strong>and</strong> y. All occur syllable-initially <strong>and</strong> –finally, <strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong>ten<br />
undergo postlexical glottalization pre-pausally. <strong>The</strong>se phonemes differ in their ability to form<br />
initial clusters, <strong>and</strong> none combine with other consonants in tautomorphemic codas.<br />
2.3.5.1 /l/. /l/ is a voiced alveolar lateral approximant that can appear syllable-initially <strong>and</strong> –<br />
finally, although in syllable-final position it optionally but frequently spirantizes to ". It can occur<br />
following s or # in an initial consonant cluster (or after the k- prefix), but is not found in coda<br />
clusters. It cannot occur adjacent to the lateral fricative due to a constraint on approximants<br />
preceding featurally similar segments.<br />
! ",!
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