The phonology and morphology of Filomeno Mata Totonac

fully deleted phonologically (see §2.6.4.4.3.1); without a latent vowel, glottalization is not
possible.
2.6.5.3.3 Final obstruents. Final obstruents are generally aspirated prepausally. The aspiration is
very salient in the case of stops, but less often heard with affricates and fricatives, where latent
vowels are often deleted except in careful speech.
169) Examples of aspirated final obstruents
nap h a& ‘aunt’ panámak h i& ‘cotton’
saqáq h a& ‘white’ kuc% h u& ‘aguardiente’
pas% h a& ‘s/he bathes’ ksnat h a& ‘I embrace him/her’
Final obstruents that have been morphologically glottalized to mark 2 nd singular subject or in a
deverbal nominal at the lexical level do not receive post-lexical aspiration.
170) Examples of morphologically glottalized final obstruents
c%up’a& ‘you poke it’ waayán’a& ‘you eat’
qa"iniit’a& ‘you have waited’ "aanatamoqós’a& ‘don’t fall!’
takúk’a& ‘load’ talíits’a& ‘smile’
There is a small group of nominals with glottalized rather than aspirated final stops, most often
with final k, that poses a problem for this account. They appear to be monomorphemic, although
some may be deverbal nominals. More research is needed to determine why they diverge from
the normal pattern.
171) Examples of exceptionally glottalized final obstruents
c%ik’i& ‘house’ xuuk’i& ‘deer’
lank’a& ‘big’ s%tuk’i& ‘cricket’
"wakak’a& ‘liver’ qooq’o& ‘mute’
stap’u& ‘type of mosquito’ c%ikic%’i& ‘type of plant’
2.7 Stress. In Filomeno Mata Totonac, stress always occurs within a three-syllable window on
the right edge of the word. Stress is lexical in less than 15% of the lexicon. It is morphologically
determined in all derived forms, which includes all verbs and about 85% of the nominals I have
collected. Unusually in cross-linguistic terms, stress shift is a marker of interrogative utterances.
Separate subsections below will describe lexical stress, morphological stress, and interrogative
stress.
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