Archie to SAM: A Short Operational History of Ground-Based Air ...

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OPERATIONS BETWEEN VIETNAM AND THE PERSIAN GULF Figure 75. HMS Coventry. Argentine airmen suffered high losses in the Falklands War but pressed home attacks that nearly repelled the British counter invasion.They sank a number of ships, one of which was the HMS Coventry. (Reprinted from http://www.jove.prohosting.com-sinking/ falklands/shtml.) but the third scored a direct hit, which sank the ship. According to the manufacturer, obsolescent radar and computers hampered the missile. In addition, seas rougher than anticipated in its design degraded the system’s performance against lowflying aircraft. 39 The small, short-range Seacat began development in 1958 and is in service with a number of countries (fig. 76). Although British sources credit it with eight kills, other sources put this figure at one. The other short-range missile system was the more advanced Seawolf. Although clearly a better system than the Seacat, which it was designed to replace, Seawolf was only fitted on two ships. (Argentine duds hit both.) Nevertheless, this SAM received credit for downing three to five aircraft and at least one air-to-surface missile. 40 Regardless of the actual number of kills and the dispute over claims, the fact is the Royal Navy’s defenses proved barely adequate; the Argentine air force came close to driving off the 167
OPERATIONS BETWEEN VIETNAM AND THE PERSIAN GULF Figure 76. Seacat.The short-range British Seacat was an older SAM used by the Royal Navy, as well as by the Argentines. There is some dispute as to its effectiveness in the Falklands War. This picture is of a training exercise before that war. (Reprinted from Imperial War Museum.) British fleet. The Argentine air force sank seven ships and hit another dozen. 41 Clearly, the Argentines came off better in the air-sea battle in terms of resources expended. Each British ship cost tens if not hundreds of millions of dollars; the HMS Sheffield, for example, cost $225 million. Argentine Exocets and aircraft cost far less, approximately $200,000 for the missiles and perhaps $5 million for a modern jet fighter. 42 But, the British did win the war and did achieve their national objective. Other Actions in the 1980s There were no major air operations by developed powers in the 1980s. Three other actions deserve mention, however, be- 168
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Report Documentation Page Form Appr
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Air University Library Cataloging D
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Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER .
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CONTENTS Chapter Page 7 BALLISTIC M
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CONTENTS Figure Page 30 George Pred
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CONTENTS Figure Page 70 Blowpipe .
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Foreword Dr. Kenneth Werrell’s hi
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About the Author Dr. Kenneth P. Wer
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PREFACE excluded from the original
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PREFACE always been a factor in air
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Artillery Institute
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ANTIAIRCRAFT DEFENSE THROUGH WORLD
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Figure 7. British 40 mm light antia
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES American air
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES company deliv
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES (discussed la
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES flak rockets
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES 1953, the rat
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES to 1,285 in J
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES Figure 40. Ar
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES cember 1958,
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Figure 42. Nike Hercules. The Nike
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES Airmen test-f
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES Bomarc failed
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES Despite knowl
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES Figure 47. Ha
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES Army decided
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES The third fam
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES with both les
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES that fired ov
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES Figure 53. Br
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES The two-decad
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES A. H. Peterso
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FROM GUNS TO MISSILES “SAMs Spur
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Chapter 3 Airmen versus Guerrillas:
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AIRMEN VERSUS GUERRILLAS the next y
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Page 202 and 203: Chapter 5 Ballistic Missile Defense
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Chapter 6 Ground-Based Air Defense
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GROUND-BASED AIR DEFENSE SINCE 1990
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Chapter 7 Ballistic Missile Defense
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BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSE IN THE 19
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Figure 96. Arrow launch.The Arrow i
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Chapter 8 Summary, Trends, and Conc
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SUMMARY, TRENDS, AND CONCLUSIONS ev
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SUMMARY, TRENDS, AND CONCLUSIONS te
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SUMMARY, TRENDS, AND CONCLUSIONS EC
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Index A-1, 128, 227-28, 232 A-4, 12
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INDEX Convair, 98 Crotale, 158 D-da
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INDEX Gulf of Tonkin incident, 115
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INDEX Remagen, 24, 57, 270 RF-4C, 1
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INDEX SAM, 34, 74, 81-82, 84, 87, 9
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Archie to SAM A Short Operational H
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