Archie to SAM: A Short Operational History of Ground-Based Air ...

BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSE IN THE 1990S
Sands, “Shadow Official Backs Missile Shield Guarding NATO,” Washington
Times, 15 February 2001.
78. The Alaska site could be ready between 2003 and 2005 with an emergency
capability before two other systems deemed to have emergency capabilities—the
airborne laser and Navy systems. See Carla Robbins and Greg
Jaffe, “Bush’s Planned Missile-Shield Program May Violate ABM Treaty
‘Within Months,’ ” Wall Street Journal, 12 July 2001; James Dao, “Pentagon
Sets Fourth Test of Missile For July 14,” New York Times, 7 July 2001; and
Wayne Specht, “Pacific ‘Test Bed’ for Missile Defense Raises Questions about
ABM Treaty,” Pacific Stars and Stripes, 16 July 2001.
79. “Conservatives Determined to Carry Torch for US Missile Defence,”
London Financial Times, 12 July 2001.
80. John Diamond, “Missile Test Inspires Praise and Caution,” Chicago
Tribune, 16 July 2001.
81. Ibid.; Vernon Loeb, “Interceptor Scores a Direct Hit on Missile,”
Washington Post, 15 July 2001. Radar that was supposed to report the successful
interception failed. This is important, as without indication of a successful
interception, the system will launch backup interceptors against the
destroyed target, wasting limited defense missiles. See Peter Pae, “Crucial
Radar Failed Missile Defense Test,” Los Angeles Times, 18 July 2001.
82. Coyle, “Rhetoric or Reality?”; and Robert Wall, “Missile Defenses New
Look to Emerge This Summer,” Aviation Week and Space Technology, 25
March 2002, 28.
83. Coyle, “Rhetoric or Reality?”; Graham, Hit to Kill, 245; David Sanger,
“NATO Formally Embraces Russia as a Junior Partner,” New York Times, 29
May 2002; and Michael Wine, “U.S. and Russia Sign Nuclear Weapons Reduction
Treaty,” New York Times, 24 May 2002.
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