Jeep Engines - Oljeep

4.7L POWER TECH V-8 357Starter RelayThe starter relay is an electromechanical device thatswitches battery current to the pull-in coil of the startersolenoid when the ignition switch is turned to the Startposition. The starter relay is located in the PowerDistribution Center (PDC), in the engine compartment. Seethe fuse and relay layout label affixed to the inside surfaceof the PDC cover for starter relay identification and location.The starter relay consists of an electromagnetic coil, aresistor or diode. and three (two fixed and one movable)electrical contacts. The movable (common feed) relaycontact is held against one of the fixed contacts normallyclosed) by spring pressure. When the electromagnetic coilis energized, it draws the movable contact away from thenormally closed fixed contact, and holds it against the other(normally open) fixed contact.When the electromagnetic coil is de-energized, spring pressurereturns the movable contact to the formally closed position.The resistor or diode is connected in parallel with theelectromagnetic coil in the relay, and helps to dissipate voltagespikes that are produced when the coil is de-energized.The starter relay cannot be repaired or adjusted and, iffaulty or damaged, it must be replaced.CHARGING SYSTEMThe charging system consists ofGeneratorElectronic Voltage Regulator (EVR) circuitry withinthe Powertrain Control Module (PCM)Ignition SwitchBatteryBattery Temperature SensorGenerator Lamp (if equipped)Check Gauges Lamp (if equipped)VoltmeterWiring Harness and ConnectionsThe charging system is turned on and off with the ignitionswitch. The system is on when the engine is running and theauto shutdown (ASD) relay is energized. When the ASD relayis on, voltage is supplied to the ASD relay sense circuit at thePowertrain Control Module (PCM). This voltage is connectedthrough the PCM and supplied to one of the generator fieldterminals (Gen. Source +) at the back of the generator.The amount of direct current (DC) produced by thegenerator is controlled by the Electronic Voltage Regulator(EVR) (field control) circuitry contained within the PCM.This circuitry is connected in series with the second rotorfield terminal and ground.A battery temperature sensor, located in the battery trayhousing, is used to sense battery temperature. Thistemperature data, along with data from monitored linevoltage, is used by the PCM to vary the battery charging rate.This is done by cycling the ground path to control the strengthof the rotor magnetic field. The PCM then compensates andregulates generator current output accordingly.All vehicles are equipped with On-Board Diagnostics(OBD). All OBD-sensed systems, including EVR (fieldcontrol) circuitry, are monitored by the PCM. Eachmonitored circuit is assigned a Diagnostic Trouble Code(DTC). The PCM will store a DTC in electronic memoryfor certain failures it detects. Refer to the proper servicemanual for more DTC information.The Check Gauges Lamp (if equipped) monitors chargingsystem voltage, engine coolant temperature, and engine oilpressure. If an extreme condition is indicated, the lamp will beilluminated. This is done as reminder to check the three gauges.Refer to the proper service manual for additional information.GeneratorThe generator is belt-driven by the engine using aserpentine-type drive belt. It is serviced only as a completeassembly. If the generator fails for any reason, the entireassembly must be replaced.As the energized rotor begins to rotate within the generator,the spinning magnetic field induces a current into thewindings of the stator coil. Once the generator beginsproducing sufficient current, it also provides the currentneeded to energize the rotor.The Y type stator winding connections deliver the inducedAC current to 3 positive and 3 negative diodes forrectification. From the diodes, rectified DC current isdelivered to the vehicle electrical system through thegenerator battery terminal.Although the generators appear the same externally,different generators with different output ratings are usedon the Jeep Grand Cherokee. Be certain that thereplacement generator has the same output rating and partnumber as the original unit. Refer to the proper servicemanual for amperage ratings and part numbers.Noise emitting from the generator may be caused by: worn,loose or defective bearings; a loose or defective drivepulley; incorrect, worn, damaged or misadjusted fan drivebelt; loose mounting bolts; a misaligned drive pulley or adefective stator or diode.